specter

Japanese: specter
specter

… [Miyoko Nakano]
[Western]
The concept of yokai connects monsters (including deformed creatures) whose existence has traditionally been believed to be real with beings from the spirit world such as ghosts and spirits, and also has the significance of visualizing invisible natural and spiritual forces. In English, words such as phantom and spectre are equivalent to this. In this sense, nymphs from Greek mythology and fairies from Western Europe are also included in yokai, but in general, the term is limited to the narrow meaning of dangerous and eerie demons that inspire fear in people.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "specter" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…【中野 美代子】
【西洋】
 妖怪という概念は,伝統的にその実在が信じられてきた怪物(奇形を含む)と,幽霊や精霊のような霊界の存在とをつなぐとともに,目に見えぬ自然力や霊力の視覚化という意義をもつ。英語ではファンタムphantom,スペクターspecterなどがこれに相当する言葉といえよう。この意味ではギリシア神話のニンフ,西ヨーロッパの妖精fairyなども妖怪に含まれるが,一般には人々に恐怖感をひき起こさせる危険で不気味な魔物という狭義の意味に限定される。…

※「specter」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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