…In this system, the hammer rests on the back of the key, and when the front of the key is lowered by striking it, the back of the key rises, causing the hammer to spring up and strike the string. This system was improved by Johann Andreas Stein and others, and reached perfection in Vienna in the 1790s. This system, commonly called the Viennese action, was once popular in Germany and Vienna, and was used by Haydn, Mozart, Hummel, Beethoven, Czerny, and others. … From [Mozart]Although Mozart did not obtain a position as a court musician during this trip, which took him to Munich, Mannheim, and Paris, the musical experiences he gained on the trip with his mother were broad and deep, and also rich in life experiences. These included his contact with the so-called "Mannheim School," his compositions of symphonies, sinfonia concertantes, concertos, and sonatas in Mannheim and Paris, his encounter with an excellent piano made by Johann Andreas Stein in Augsburg, his relationship with his father's cousin Maria Anna Thekla (whom Mozart called "Bösle" (cousin)) in his father's hometown, his meeting with the singer Aloysia Weber in Mannheim, the death of his mother in Paris, and his unrequited love for Aloysia in Munich on the way back. He eventually returned home, resumed his work, and served as a court musician for a while, composing works such as the Coronation Mass (K. 317), a Sinfonia concertante (K. 364-K. 6 320d), and symphonies (K. 318, K. 319, K. 338). *Some of the terminology references "Stein, JA" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この方式ではハンマーが鍵の後部に乗り,打鍵によって鍵の前部が下がると後部が上がり,ハンマーがはね上がって打弦する。この方式はシュタインJohann Andreas Steinらによって改良され,1790年代のウィーンで完成の域に達した。これは一般にウィーン式アクションと呼ばれて一時ドイツとウィーンで流行し,ハイドン,モーツァルト,フンメル,ベートーベン,チェルニーらが愛用した。… 【モーツァルト】より…ミュンヘン,マンハイム,パリと続くこの旅行で,宮廷音楽家のポストは得られなかったモーツァルトではあったが,母親と二人で行った旅で得た音楽的経験は広く深く,また人生体験も豊かであった。いわゆる〈マンハイム楽派〉との触れ合い,マンハイムとパリでの交響曲,協奏交響曲,協奏曲,ソナタなどの作曲,アウクスブルクでのシュタインJohann Andreas Stein製作の優れたピアノとの出会い,この父親の故郷での従妹マリア・アンナ・テークラ(モーツァルトは〈ベーズレ(いとこちゃん)〉と呼んでいる)との交際,マンハイムでの歌手アロイジア・ウェーバーとの出会い,パリでの母親の死,帰路ミュンヘンでアロイジアに失恋したことなどである。 けっきょく帰郷して,復職し,またしばらくの間宮廷音楽家の職務に従事し,《戴冠式ミサ曲》(K.317),協奏交響曲(K.364―K.6320d),交響曲(K.318,K.319,K.338)などを作曲する。… ※「Stein,J.A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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