Okibumi - Okibumi

A document that specifies matters to be observed in the present and in the future. Many were written by temple patrons or elders regarding the relationship between monk and priest and the conduct of temple monks, or by samurai to their descendants, such as how property should be passed on, the relationship between the eldest son and an illegitimate child, how public duties should be paid, and punishment for descendants who violated wills. The format of the document is not fixed, and some clearly state "sadameoku" or "okibun" at the beginning or within the text, but there are also some in the form of letters, lists of dispositions, and documents that are difficult to distinguish from transfer letters. In terms of content, they have a strong flavor of family precepts or family law. One famous example is an okibun written in January of the 6th year of Shoo by Takezaki Suenaga, a samurai from Higo (Kumamoto Prefecture), who created "Mōko Shurai Ekotoba" (Takezaki Suenaga Ekotoba).

[Momose Kesao]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

現在および将来にわたって守るべき事柄を定め置いた文書。寺院の檀那(だんな)や長老が、師檀(しだん)関係や寺僧の行為について定めたり、武士が子孫に対し、財産の譲り方、惣領(そうりょう)と庶子との関係、公役の負担の仕方、遺命に違反した子孫の処罰などを規定したものが多い。文書の様式は不定で、文頭あるいは文章中に「定置(さだめおく)」とか「置文」と明記するものもあるが、書状形式のもの、処分目録、譲状と区別しがたいものなどもある。内容的には家訓(かくん)または家法としての色彩が強い。『蒙古襲来絵詞(もうこしゅうらいえことば)』（竹崎季長(たけざきすえなが)絵詞）を作成した肥後（熊本県）の武士竹崎季長が、正応(しょうおう)6年正月に書き置いた置文などが著名。

［百瀬今朝雄］

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