...The Convention defined "socialist realism" as a method of "portraying reality in its revolutionary development truthfully and with historical specificity," and in that "the truthfulness and historical specificity of the artistic depiction of reality must be linked to the task of ideologically transforming and educating the working people in the spirit of socialism." This formula was formulated following discussions at the Preparatory Committee for the Union of Writers in April 1932, following a resolution by the Central Committee of the Communist Party to reorganize literary organizations, among Gorky, Lunacharsky, Valerii Yakovlevich Kirpotin (1898-1980), Fadeev and others. During the course of the discussions, it was emphasized that socialist realism is "realism in the era when socialism became a reality," and that "unlike 'critical realism', the method of 19th century Russian literature, which exposed the flaws and contradictions of reality but failed to link this criticism to a bright outlook for the future, socialist realism is a new quality of realism that finds a historical inevitability for a future society within the revolutionary developing reality itself," and in that sense it "also encompasses revolutionary romanticism." The works that paved the way for this approach in practice include Gorky's works, especially Mother (1906), Fadeev's Catastrophe (1927), and N. A. Ostrovsky's How the Steel Was Tempered (1932-34). *Some of the terminology that mentions "Kirpotin, VY" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…同規約では,〈社会主義リアリズム〉とは,〈現実をその革命的発展において,真実に,歴史的具体性をもって描く〉方法であり,その際,〈現実の芸術的描写の真実さと歴史的具体性とは,勤労者を社会主義の精神において思想的に改造し教育する課題と結びつかなければならない〉とされた。この定式は,1932年4月,文学団体再編成についての共産党中央委員会決議後,作家同盟準備委員会でのゴーリキー,ルナチャルスキー,キルポーチンValerii Yakovlevich Kirpotin(1898‐1980),ファジェーエフらの討論を経てまとめられたもので,討論の過程では,社会主義リアリズムとは,〈社会主義が現実化した時代のリアリズムである〉,〈19世紀ロシア文学の方法とされた“批判的リアリズム”が,現実の欠陥,矛盾をあばきながら,その批判を未来への明るい展望と結びつけられなかったのとは異なり,革命的に発展する現実そのものの中に未来社会への歴史的必然性を見いだす新しい質のリアリズムである〉,その意味でこれは〈革命的ロマンティシズムをも内包する〉と強調された。実作面でこの方法に道を開いた作品としては,ゴーリキーの諸作品,とくに《母》(1906),ファジェーエフの《壊滅》(1927),N.A.オストロフスキーの《鋼鉄はいかに鍛えられたか》(1932‐34)などが挙げられた。… ※「Kirpotin,V.Y.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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