A prefecture-level city in the western part of Heilongjiang Province, China. It is located 270 km northwest of the provincial capital, Harbin, in the middle reaches of the Nenjiang River. It consists of seven city districts, including Longsha and Angangxi, and has jurisdiction over eight counties, including Baichuan and Longjiang, and acts as the custodian of Nehe City (as of 2016). The permanent population is 5,701,100 (2014). The name means "natural pasture" in Daur. The Heilongjiang Office was established in 1905, and it became Longjiang County in 1913, and in 1936 it was separated from the county to form Qiqihar City. The climate is continental, with monthly average temperatures of -19.6°C in January and 23.6°C in July, and the annual precipitation of 451.5 mm, with precipitation concentrated in the summer. The Pingqi Line (Siping-Qiqihar), Qibei Line (Qiqihar-Bei'an), and Binzhou Line pass through the city's jurisdiction. Qiqihar Sanjiazi Airport is located about 13 kilometers south of the city center. The surrounding area is a vast alkaline plain in the Nenjiang River basin, producing soybeans, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, foxtail millet, corn, sorghum, and natural soda. In urban areas, these grains are processed and sugar is refined. Industries such as metallurgy, large machinery, locomotive and freight car manufacturing, papermaking, military supplies, and electronic parts have developed, making it one of the province's leading industrial cities. [Tatsuro Asai, Editorial Department, July 19, 2017] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、黒竜江(こくりゅうこう)省西部の地級市。省都ハルビンの北西270キロメートル、嫩江(どんこう)の中流域に位置する。竜沙(りゅうさ)、昂昂渓(こうこうけい)など7市轄区からなり、拝泉(はいせん)、竜江(りゅうこう)など8県を管轄下に置き、訥河(とつが)市を管轄代行する(2016年時点)。常住人口570万1100(2014)。地名はダウール語で「天然の牧場」の意。1905年に黒水庁が置かれ、1913年に竜江県となったのち、1936年同県から分離してチチハル市が設けられた。 気候は大陸性で、月平均気温は1月が零下19.6℃、7月が23.6℃、年降水量は451.5ミリメートルで降水は夏に偏る。市轄区内を、平斉(へいせい)線(四平(しへい)―チチハル)、斉北線(チチハル―北安(ほくあん))、浜洲(ひんしゅう)線が通る。市中心部の南約13キロメートルにチチハル三家子空港がある。周辺は嫩江流域の広漠たる塩基性の平原で、大豆、小麦、ジャガイモ、サトウダイコン、アワ、トウモロコシ、コウリャンのほか天然ソーダを産する。都市部ではこれら雑穀の加工や製糖も行われる。冶金、大型機械、機関車貨車製造、製紙、軍需品、電子部品などの工業が発展し、省内有数の工業都市となっている。 [浅井辰郎・編集部 2017年7月19日] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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