Jupiter Optimus Maximus

...As the god of thunder, he was also considered the god of all oaths, contracts, and treaties, and was believed to punish those who violated them with lightning. On the other hand, he was called by various names as a state god, but the most important one was Jupiter Optimus Maximus ("the best and greatest Jupiter"). This Jupiter was worshiped in the form of a trinity with his wife Juno and daughter Minerva in the great temple on the Capitoline Hill, which was completed around the time of the last king of Rome, Tarquinius Superbus (late 6th century BC), under the influence of Etruscans. When two consuls (consuls) were elected each year, they first visited this temple when they took office and prayed for the same protection for the state as in the previous year.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Jupiter Optimus Maximus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…また雷神としての彼はあらゆる誓い，契約，条約などの神ともされ，その違反者を雷で罰すると信じられた。　一方，国家神としてもさまざまの呼称を付して呼ばれたが，最も重要なものはユピテル･オプティムス･マクシムスJupiter Optimus Maximus(〈最善最大のユピテル〉)である。これはローマ最後の王タルクイニウス･スペルブス(前6世紀後半)のころに落成したカピトリヌス丘上の大神殿に，エトルリアの影響を受けて，彼の妃のユノ，娘のミネルウァ両女神とともに三位一体の形でまつられていたユピテルで，毎年2人ずつ選ばれるコンスル(執政官)は，就任に際してまずこの神殿にもうで，国家に対する前年同様の加護を祈願した。…

※「Jupiter Optimus Maximus」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報