A general term for a method of determining the end point of a titration using electrochemical measurements instead of indicators. In general, the end point of a reaction can be determined by the significant change in electrochemical response before and after the equivalence point as the reaction progresses. Potential difference, conductivity, current, and other electrochemical responses are used, and these are called potentiometric titration, conductometric titration, and amperometric titration, respectively. The progress of the titration can be continuously tracked, and a titration curve can be drawn with the volume of the titrant on the horizontal axis and the electrochemical response on the vertical axis. It has the advantages of being applicable to colored and turbid solutions for which indicators cannot be used, there is no individual difference seen in identifying indicator color changes with the naked eye, and it is highly sensitive, and it is widely used in neutralization titration (acid-base titration), oxidation-reduction titration, precipitation titration, non-aqueous solvent titration, etc. [Takada Takeo] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
滴定において、指示薬のかわりに電気化学的測定を利用して終点を判定する方法の総称。一般に滴定による反応の進行とともに、その当量点の前後において電気化学的応答が著しく変化することから反応の終点を知ることができる。電気化学的応答としては電位差、電導度、電流その他が用いられ、それぞれ電位差滴定、電導度滴定、電流滴定などとよばれている。滴定の進行のようすを連続的に追跡することができ、滴定液の体積を横軸に、電気化学的応答を縦軸に描いた滴定曲線を描くことができる。指示薬の使えない着色液、混濁液にも適用できる、肉眼による指示薬の変色の識別にみられる個人差がない、高感度であるなどの利点があり、中和滴定(酸塩基滴定)、酸化還元滴定、沈殿滴定、非水溶媒滴定などに広く利用されている。 [高田健夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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