Waist drum - Yoko

Japanese: 腰鼓 - ようこ

A drum of Indian origin from ancient China and Japan. It was imported to China during the Six Dynasties period via the Western Regions, and is one of the drums known as "thin waist drums." It is a drum with an hourglass-shaped body, fastened with a string, and was so named because the player holds it around the waist and plays it. According to archaeological evidence, it is played by hand, not with a stick. During the Tang dynasty, it was used in Western music such as Kuzi music and Sole music, as well as in Sangaku. It was imported to Japan during the reign of Empress Suiko as an instrument for the masked musical drama Gigaku. Twenty-three drums used during the Nara period remain in the Shosoin Repository.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

古代中国，日本のインド系の鼓。西域を経て六朝時代に中国に輸入され，細腰鼓と呼ばれたものの一種。砂時計形の胴をもつ紐締め式の太鼓で，奏者が腰のあたりに下げて打つところから腰鼓と呼ばれたらしい。考古学資料によると，桴 (ばち) を用いずに手で打奏されている。唐代には亀茲楽，疎勒楽などの西域楽のほか散楽でも用いられた。日本には推古朝に仮面音楽劇である伎 (呉) 楽の楽器として輸入された。正倉院に奈良時代に使用した胴 23個が遺存する。

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