Omiya-in Temple

Fujiwara Kisshi was the Empress of the 88th Emperor Gosaga. Her posthumous name was Henchikaku. She was the first daughter of Saionji Saneuji. Her mother was Shijo Sadako. She was the mother of Emperor Gofukakusa and Emperor Kameyama. In 1242 (Ninji 3), she entered the Imperial Court and became a consort, and was subsequently appointed as the Empress and Chugu. In 1248 (Hoji 2), she was given the title of Emperor, Omiyain. In 1272 (Bun'ei 9), she became a nun after the death of the retired Emperor Gosaga. After the death of the retired Emperor, the brothers Gofukakusa and Kameyama clashed over their respective shares of the shogunate. The bewildered Kamakura Shogunate consulted Omiyain, who resolved the issue through the retired Emperor's will, thus finally realizing Emperor Kameyama's direct rule. From this point on, the Daikakuji and Jimyoin temples developed into a system of succession by two successive lines. Omiya-in had many manors, including Jokongo-in's territory. His mausoleum is in Awatayama Mausoleum, Nanzenji-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City.

[Shinji Ono]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

第88代後嵯峨(ごさが)天皇の中宮藤原姞子(きっし)。法名遍智覚。西園寺実氏(さいおんじさねうじ)の第一女。母は四条貞子。後深草(ごふかくさ)・亀山(かめやま)天皇の母。1242年（仁治3）入内(じゅだい)して女御(にょうご)となり、ついで立后中宮職を付せられた。48年（宝治2）院号宣下、大宮院と称した。72年（文永9）後嵯峨上皇の崩御により落飾。上皇の崩御後、後深草上皇、亀山天皇兄弟がそれぞれの持分などに関し対立。困惑した鎌倉幕府は大宮院に諮(はか)り、上皇の遺詔としてこれを解決、こうしてついに亀山天皇の親政を実現させた。ここから大覚寺・持明院の両統迭立(てつりつ)へと発展していったのである。大宮院領として浄金剛院領など多くの荘園(しょうえん)があった。陵墓は京都市左京区南禅寺町の粟田(あわた)山陵。

［小野信二］

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