hektēmoroi (English spelling) hektemoroi

...He gained fame by encouraging the citizens in the fight against Megara over the ownership of the island of Salamis around 600 BC, and was elected archon in 594 BC. In Athens at that time, many peasant farmers borrowed money from the aristocrats by mortgaging their land and bodies, and if they could not repay the debt, they handed over their land to the aristocrats, who were their creditors, and cultivated the land in exchange for paying 1/6 of the harvest. They were reduced to the status of hektēmoroi, or slave farmers, and if they could not pay 1/6, they and their families became debt slaves. The plebeians therefore demanded the cancellation of their debts and the redistribution of land, and continued to engage in fierce party strife with the aristocrats. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "hektēmoroi" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…前600年ころサラミス島の領有をめぐるメガラとの争いに市民を激励して名声を得，前594年アルコンに選ばれた。当時のアテナイでは，平民である多数の農民が土地と身体を抵当として貴族から借財し，それを返済できない場合には土地を債権者である貴族に引き渡し，収穫の1/6の納付と引きかえにその土地を耕作する，ヘクテモロイhektēmoroiと呼ばれる隷属農民の地位に転落し，さらに1/6を納付できない場合には家族もろとも債務奴隷となった。そこで平民は負債の帳消しと土地の再分配を要求し，貴族との間に激しい党争を続けた。…

※「hektēmoroi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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