Asano clan

The name refers to the Toki clan of the Raiko lineage of the Seiwa Genji clan. According to the Sonpi Bunmyaku, Raiko's grandson Mitsunobu lived in Toki County, Mino Province (Gifu Prefecture) and called himself the Toki clan. His great-grandson Mitsuyuki lived in Asano Village in the same county and was called Asano Hangan, and his younger brother Mitsutoki and his descendants all called themselves the Asano clan.

(1) The Asano clan of Hiroshima in Aki The lord of Hiroshima. The Kan'ei Shoka Keizuden (Kan'ei Family Genealogy Book) and other sources say that they were descendants of Mitsutoki, but this is not credible. The Asano clan rose to prominence through the support of Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu. Both the founders of the family, Nagakatsu and Nagayoshi (Nagamasa), served Nobunaga, and in 1583 (Tensho 11), Hideyoshi granted them over 20,000 koku of land in Omi, and they became daimyo for the first time. After that, in 1587, he was given the whole of Wakasa province, in 1593 (Bunroku 2) he was given the whole of Kai province with over 210,000 koku, and after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 (Keicho 5), Nagamasa's son Yoshinaga was given over 370,000 koku in Wakayama, Kii Province by Ieyasu, and in 1619 (Genwa 5), ​​Nagaakira, Nagamasa's younger brother, was given 420,000 koku in Aki and Bingo. After that, his descendants inherited the titles of Ohiroma-tsume, Aki no Kami, and Matsudaira for generations. In 1871 (Meiji 4), when the feudal domains were abolished and prefectures were established, they were ranked as members of the nobility, and eventually became marquises.

(2) The Asano clan of Miyoshi, Bingo: A branch of the Asano clan of Hiroshima. The clan's ancestor was Nagaharu, the eldest illegitimate son of Nagaakira. In 1632 (Kan'ei 9), the clan was given a fief of 50,000 koku in Miyoshi, Bingo, and was named Inaba no Kami. In 1719 (Kyoho 4), the line of succession was cut off and the fief was returned to the main family.

(3) The Asano clan of Ako, Harima: Nagamasa’s third son, Nagashige, was transferred by Tokugawa Hidetada to a fief of 20,000 koku, then to Kasama, Hitachi, with a fief of over 50,000 koku in 1622 (Genwa 8), and to Ako, Harima, with a fief of over 50,000 koku in 1645 (Shoho 2). In 1701 (Genroku 14), Naganori committed seppuku for the crime of assassinating Kira Yoshinaka in Edo Castle, and the clan was wiped out.

[Doi Sakuji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

清和源氏(せいわげんじ)頼光流(らいこうりゅう)土岐(とき)氏族をいう。『尊卑分脈(そんぴぶんみゃく)』によれば、頼光の孫光信(みつのぶ)は美濃国(みののくに)（岐阜県）土岐郡に住んで土岐氏を称す。その曽孫(そうそん)光行は同郡浅野村に住んで浅野判官(ほうがん)といい、その弟光時や子孫はみな浅野氏を称したという。

(1)安芸(あき)広島浅野氏　広島藩主。『寛永諸家系図伝』などは、光時の後裔(こうえい)とするが信ずるに足りない。浅野氏の立身は織田信長、豊臣秀吉(とよとみひでよし)、徳川家康の取り立てによる。家祖長勝(ながかつ)、長吉(ながよし)（長政(ながまさ)）はともに信長に仕え、1583年（天正11）秀吉より近江(おうみ)2万石余を与えられて初めて大名となる。その後、1587年若狭(わかさ)一国、1593年（文禄2）甲斐(かい)一国21万石余、1600年（慶長5）関ヶ原の戦い後、長政の子幸長(よしなが)が家康より紀伊国和歌山37万石余、1619年（元和5）幸長の弟長晟(ながあきら)が安芸・備後(びんご)42万石に封ぜられた。以後子孫相受けて大広間詰、安芸守(あきのかみ)、松平(まつだいら)の家号を代々許される。1871年（明治4）廃藩置県により華族に列し、やがて侯爵となる。

(2)備後三次(みよし)浅野氏　広島浅野氏の支封。長晟の庶長子長治(ながはる)を祖とし、1632年（寛永9）備後三次に分知5万石、因幡守(いなばのかみ)を称した。柳間詰(やなぎのまづめ)、1719年（享保4）継嗣(けいし)断絶、封知は宗家へ返された。

(3)播磨(はりま)赤穂(あこう)浅野氏　長政の三子長重(ながしげ)が徳川秀忠(ひでただ)より2万石、1622年（元和8）常陸(ひたち)笠間(かさま)5万石余、1645年（正保2）播磨赤穂5万石余に移封する。1701年（元禄14）長矩(ながのり)が江戸城中で吉良義央(きらよしなか)を刃傷(にんじょう)した罪により、切腹、断絶した。

［土井作治］

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