...In some places, one particular scene is emphasized, but such ritual complexes surrounding the killing of a bear are collectively called "bear festivals" (the Ainu, Nivhi, Tungus, Ob-Ugric, and Lappish examples, which have a strong festival flavor, are called bear festivals, while others are distinguished as bear worship = rituals). The distribution of bear festivals throughout the northern hemisphere (excluding the tundra zone) was already revealed by American anthropologist Alfred I. Hallowell in his doctoral dissertation (1926), and the surprising similarities between examples from various regions were noted. In Japan, the Ainu bear festival "Iomante (also called Iyomante)" is famous. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Hallowell, AI" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…所によってはいずれかの場面がとくに強調されることもあるが,このような〈熊の殺害をめぐる儀礼複合〉を総称して〈熊祭〉と呼ぶ(祭り的色彩の強いアイヌ,ニブヒ,ツングース,オビ・ウゴル,ラップの事例を熊祭と呼び,そのほかは熊崇拝=儀礼として区別する立場もある)。熊祭の汎北半球的分布(ツンドラ帯は除く)についてはアメリカの人類学者ハロウェルAlfred I.Hallowellの博士論文(1926)でつとに明らかにされており,各地の事例の間に驚くべき類似性のあることが注目された。日本ではアイヌの熊祭〈イオマンテ(イヨマンテとも呼ぶ)〉が有名である。… ※「Hallowell,A.I.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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