…In the 18th century and after, operas with a stronger popular character such as opera buffa (meaning clown opera) in Italy, opéra comique (comic opera, later meaning opera with dialogue) in France, ballad opera (popular opera) in England, and Singspiel (musical drama) in Germany emerged. What they all had in common was a spirit of parody and a reaction against the aristocracy and formality of serious opera and lyric tragedy. In the 19th century, operetta arose again, seeking a lighthearted and relaxing atmosphere for the common people, in opposition to the grand opera, which tried to reach unprecedented heights in scale, grandiose stage effects, and serious emotions. This kind of history is not seen in Kabuki, which developed as an art form for townspeople from the beginning. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "grand opéra" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…18世紀以降は,これに対して,イタリアではオペラ・ブッファopera buffa(道化オペラの意),フランスではオペラ・コミックopéra comique(喜歌劇,のちにはせりふを含むオペラを意味する),イギリスではバラッド・オペラballad opera(俗謡オペラ),ドイツではジングシュピールSingspiel(歌芝居)など,より庶民的な性格の強いオペラのタイプが興ったが,それらに共通するのは,正歌劇や抒情悲劇の貴族性と形式ばった様式に対する反動とパロディの精神であった。つづく19世紀には,作品の規模,壮大な舞台効果,シリアスな情緒において,かつてない高みに登ろうとした〈グランド・オペラgrand opéra〉に対して,再び庶民的な気軽さと息抜きを求めるオペレッタが興った。このような経緯は,当初から町人の芸術として発達してきた歌舞伎には見られないところである。… ※「grand opéra」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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