Goyigama

Japanese: Goyigama
Goyigama

...Under Portuguese rule in the 16th century, Christianity (Catholicism) was spread and many people converted, but after independence in 1948 they returned to Buddhism, and there are only about 700,000 Sinhalese Christians. Unlike India, there are no Brahmins in the caste system of Sinhalese society, and the Goyigama, an agricultural caste, occupies the top position. The next highest castes, the Karāva, a fishing caste, and the Salāgama, who collect cinnamon bark, are people who migrated from the Malabar coast of South India after the 13th century. ...

From Sri Lanka

…The caste system exists in both Sinhalese and Tamil societies, but it is said to be less restrictive than in India. There are no castes corresponding to Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya, and it is characteristic that the Goyigama (Sinhalese) and Vellāla (Tamil) peasant castes occupy the top position. Caste mainly functions as a marriage unit, and together with the dowry system, it is a major factor in determining spouses. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Goyigama" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…16世紀のポルトガル支配のもとでキリスト教(カトリック)の布教が行われ改宗する者も多く出たが,1948年の独立後再び仏教徒に戻り,シンハラ人のキリスト教徒は約70万人にすぎない。インドと異なり,シンハラ社会のカースト制ではバラモンがなく,農耕カーストのゴイガマGoyigamaが最上位を占める。次に位置する漁業カーストのカラーワKarāvaとニッケイの樹皮を採取するサラーガマSalāgamaとは,13世紀以降に南インドのマラバル海岸から移住してきた人たちである。…

【スリランカ】より

…カースト制は,シンハラ社会とタミル社会の双方に存在するが,インドに比べその規制力が弱いといわれている。バラモン,クシャトリヤ,バイシャに対応するカーストがみられず,ゴイガマGoyigama(シンハラ人)とベッラーラVellāla(タミル人)という農民カーストが最上位を占めているのが特徴的である。カーストは通婚単位としての機能が中心であり,持参金(ダウリ)制度とともに配偶者を決める大きな条件となっている。…

※「Goyigama」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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