Okunoshima is an island in the Geiyo Islands in the south-central part of Hiroshima Prefecture. It belongs to Takehara City. Its area is 0.7 square kilometers. It is a 15-minute boat ride from Tadanoumi Port in Takehara City. In the early Showa period, an army pyrotechnics factory was established here, and it became a poison gas factory. Around 1937 (Showa 12), about 400 people were engaged in the manufacture of various poison gases, such as yperite and lewisite, and monthly production reached about 400 tons. After World War II, the facility was destroyed by the US military, and the poison gas was dumped off the coast of Tosa. However, many of the employees at that time suffered from respiratory and digestive disorders, which became a problem. The Okunoshima Poison Gas Museum was built to explain the horror of poison gas and the tragic conditions of war. It was returned by the US military in 1950 (Showa 25), and in 1963 it became a national vacation village (now a vacation village), dispelling the dark image of the island. The island has a radioactive spring with a radon concentration of 16.1 mache, a beach and a campground, and is used as a resort. General vehicles are prohibited from entering the island. From the observation deck at the island's highest point (108 meters), you can enjoy the view of the archipelago. The entire island is included in the Setonaikai National Park. Population 18 (2000). [Kitagawa Kenji] [Reference item] |Takehara City, Hiroshima Prefecture ©Hiroshima Prefecture "> Okunoshima Poison Gas Museum Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
広島県中南部、芸予(げいよ)諸島の一島。竹原(たけはら)市に属す。面積0.7平方キロメートル。竹原市忠海(ただのうみ)港から船で15分の距離にある。昭和初年に陸軍の火工廠(しょう)が置かれ、毒ガス工場となった。1937年(昭和12)ごろには約400人がイペリット、ルイサイトなど各種毒ガスの製造に従事し、月産約400トンに達した。第二次世界大戦後アメリカ軍によって施設は破壊され、毒ガスは土佐沖に投棄された。しかし当時の従業員の多くに呼吸器系、消化器系障害が生じ、問題化している。毒ガスの恐ろしさや戦争の悲惨な状況を解説した大久野島毒ガス資料館がつくられている。1950年(昭和25)アメリカ軍から返還、1963年には国民休暇村(現、休暇村)となり、暗いイメージを払拭(ふっしょく)してきた。ラドン16.1マッヘの放射能泉が湧出(ゆうしゅつ)し、海水浴場やキャンプ場もあり、保養地として利用され、島内は一般車両の通行が禁止となっている。島の最高点(108メートル)の展望台からは、多島海の景観が楽しめる。全島瀬戸内海国立公園に含まれる。人口18(2000)。 [北川建次] [参照項目] |広島県竹原市©広島県"> 大久野島毒ガス資料館 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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