Faith in the Prince

Japanese: 王子信仰 - おうじしんこう
Faith in the Prince

Belief in a god who is a prince (child). It also includes the belief that the god appears in the form of a mikogami or young shrine. The Hachioji Gongen of the Gion and Hiyoshi shrines and Nyakuichioji Gongen of Kumano are famous, and spread throughout the country along with the Gion, Hiyoshi, and Kumano faiths. The Kumano faith, of which many prince shrines were enshrined on the way from Kyoto to Kumano, was called the 99 princes, and in Fujiwara Teika's travelogue "Kumano Gokouki" it appears that "there seems to be roughly 99 of them in number." The deity enshrined there is said to be the son of Kumano-o-kami (Izanagi and Izanami-no-mikoto) and is called Wakaichi-no-oji, and Amaterasu-o-mikami in particular was worshipped as Wakaichi-no-oji. Wakaichi-jinja Shrine, currently located in Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto City, was enshrined within the Nishi-Hachijo residence that was built during the heyday of the Taira clan, while Wakaichi-jinja Shrine, the guardian deity of the former Eikando (Zenrin-ji) temple directly east of the Kyoto Imperial Palace, was enshrined by Emperor Goshirakawa during the Eiraku era (1160-1161).

[Toshihiko Uda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

王子(童子)たる神に対する信仰。神が御子神(みこがみ)また若宮とよばれる形で示現するという信仰も含めていう。祇園(ぎおん)社、日吉(ひえ)社の八王子権現(はちおうじごんげん)や、熊野の若一王子(にゃくいちおうじ)権現などが有名で、祇園信仰、日吉信仰、熊野信仰とともに全国に広がった。なかの熊野の王子信仰は、京都から熊野への途次に多く王子社が祀(まつ)られ、それらを九十九王子とよんだが、藤原定家(ていか)の旅行記『熊野御幸記(ごこうき)』には「大概その数九十九あるがごとし」とみえる。その祭神は熊野大神(伊弉諾(いざなぎ)・伊弉冉尊(いざなみのみこと))の御子といわれ若王子とよび、とくに天照大神(あまてらすおおみかみ)を若一王子と称し信仰した。現在、京都市下京区にある若一神社は、平家一族の全盛時代に造営された西八条の邸内に勧請(かんじょう)されたものであり、京都御所の正東にあたるもと永観堂(えいかんどう)(禅林寺)の鎮守若王子神社は永暦(えいりゃく)年間(1160~61)に後白河(ごしらかわ)法皇の勧請によるものである。

[菟田俊彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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