Treaty of Oei

Japanese: 応永条約 - おうえいじょうやく

This is said to be a treaty on commerce and trade concluded in 1404 (Oei 11) between Emperor Chengzu Yongle of the Ming Dynasty and Japanese Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. It is also called the Yongle Summary because this year was the second year of the Ming Dynasty's Yongle era. The contents of the treaty included: (1) ships to the Ming Dynasty would be required to pay tribute once every ten years, (2) the number of envoys and crew on board would be limited to 300 people per time, and (3) the number of ships would be limited to two. It is recorded in the Chinese works Chukaizuhen, Wangaxuehen, and Mingshi, but when compared to historical facts, it must be called a completely fictitious treaty.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1404年(応永11)に，明の成祖永楽帝と日本の将軍足利義満とのあいだにとりきめられた通商貿易に関する条約といわれているもの。この年が明の永楽2年にあたるところから永楽要約ともいわれる。内容は，(1)遣明船は10年に1回の割合で入貢させる，(2)毎回の正副使や乗船乗組の人員は300人以下にする，(3)船数は2隻にする，というものである。中国の《籌海図編（ちゆうかいずへん）》《吾学編》《明史》などに記されているが，歴史事実と照らしあわせてみると，まったく架空の条約といわざるをえない。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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