Kitamatsuura Peninsula

Japanese: 北松浦半島 - きたまつうらはんとう
Kitamatsuura Peninsula

A peninsula in the northwest of Kyushu Island. It spreads west of the line (Arida River valley) connecting Sasebo City, Nagasaki Prefecture and Imari City, Saga Prefecture. It faces the Iki Channel to the north, and across the Hirado Strait to the west is Hirado Island, Imari Bay to the northeast, and the inlet of Sasebo Bay to the south. To the east of the peninsula is the Kunimi Mountains, which run north to south and include Mount Kunimi (highest peak 776 meters), and the mountains gradually get lower toward the west, ending at the sunken coast of Kujuku Island. The entire area shows a plateau topography (Hokusho Lava Plateau) where basalt has erupted on the hills of the Tertiary layer, and this plateau is cut by several faults, and the Sasa River, Saza River, Emukae River, and Ainoura River have developed, and the Kitamatsu Lava Plateau is subdivided into several plateaus. The upper basalt of each plateau forms steep cliffs, and the lower Tertiary layer forms a gentle slope at the foot of the mountain. Spring water zones have formed at the boundary between the two, and rice terraces have developed on the gentle slopes. The area is also prone to landslides. Since the Meiji period, the Kitamatsu coalfields have developed in search of coal in the Tertiary layer, but the mines are now completely closed. The peninsula was part of Matsura Province and has been an important region since ancient times, with many historical sites from the Mongol Invasions and Wako Invasions. The west coast is included in Saikai National Park, and Mount Kunimi is designated as Hokusho Prefectural Park (Nagasaki Prefectural Natural Park).

[Yasuyoshi Ishii]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

九州本島の北西部にある半島。長崎県佐世保(させぼ)市早岐(はいき)と佐賀県伊万里(いまり)市を結ぶ線(有田川河谷)以西に広がる。北は壱岐水道(いきすいどう)に面し、西は平戸(ひらど)瀬戸を隔てて平戸島に対し、北東部に伊万里湾、南に佐世保湾の湾入がある。半島の東には国見山(くにみ)(最高峰776メートル)など南北に走る国見山地があり、山地は西方に向かってしだいに低くなり、九十九(くじゅうく)島の沈降海岸に終わっている。全域にわたり第三紀層の丘陵上に玄武岩が噴出した台地地形(北松(ほくしょう)溶岩台地)を示し、この台地はいくつかの断層によって切られ、志佐(しさ)川、佐々(さざ)川、江迎(えむかえ)川、相浦(あいのうら)川が発達し、北松溶岩台地はいくつかの台地に細分されている。それぞれの台地における上部の玄武岩は急崖(きゅうがい)、下部の第三紀層は山麓(さんろく)緩傾斜面をなし、両者の境界には湧水(ゆうすい)帯を生じ、緩傾斜面上には棚田(たなだ)が発達している。また、地すべりの多発地帯ともなっている。明治以来、第三紀層中の石炭を求めて北松炭田が発達したが、現在はまったく閉山している。半島は末羅国(まつらこく)の一部で、古代から対外的に重要な地域をなし、元寇(げんこう)や倭寇(わこう)などの史跡に富む。西岸は西海国立公園(さいかいこくりつこうえん)に含まれ、国見山は北松県立公園(ほくしょうけんりつこうえん)(長崎県立自然公園)に指定されている。

[石井泰義]

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