Scholarship school - Shogakuin

A university school in the Heian period. It was founded in 881 (Gangei 5) by Ariwara no Yukihira in Sakyo Sanjo, south of the Daigakuryo and west of Kangakuin. The imperial family, various kings, and children of the Genji clan and the Heike clan who received the surname of the Imperial Family lived there and attended the university. In 900 (Shotai 3), it was officially recognized as the Nanso of the Daigakuryo, and was run on the model of Kangakuin, with betto and gakuto (head of the school). It declined in the 12th century. From that time, the position of Shogakuin betto was hereditary among members of the Murakami Genji clan, along with the betto of Junnain, and later Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, as the head of the Genji clan, held both positions as betto, and the position continued to be hereditary for the shogun who was also the head of the Genji clan until the end of the Edo period.

[Tokuro Otsuka]

"Research on the Ancient Educational System by Momo Hiroyuki (1947, Meguro Shoten)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安時代の大学別曹(べっそう)。881年（元慶5）在原行平(ありわらのゆきひら)が左京三条、大学寮の南、勧学院の西に創設。皇親、諸王をはじめ、賜姓(しせい)源氏、同平氏一族の子弟が寄宿し、大学に通った。900年（昌泰3）大学寮南曹として公認され、勧学院を範として運営され、別当、学頭などを置いた。12世紀には衰えた。奨学院別当職は、そのころから村上源氏の者が、淳和院(じゅんないん)別当とともに世襲し、のちに足利義満(あしかがよしみつ)が源氏長者として両院別当を兼ね、以後、源氏長者たる将軍の世襲として、江戸末期まで続いた。

［大塚徳郎］

『桃裕行著『上代学制の研究』（1947・目黒書店）』

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