…"decadence" is a French word that generally means decadence, decadence, or decadence. Originally, it referred to the culture of the late Roman Empire, which had reached the height of its prosperity and declined, becoming technical, and showing unnatural, unhealthy, and corrupt aspects. Here, however, it refers to the tendency of a group of artists in the late 19th century, mainly in Paris. From Aestheticism...This statement captures the essence of aestheticism, and applies to Wilde, as well as to Yukio Mishima, the author of Forbidden Colors, who was heavily influenced by Wilde, and Junichiro Tanizaki, who wrote the short story Secret, based on Wilde's The Sphinx Without a Mystery. Since the 19th century, aestheticism has constantly moved back and forth between the world of conceptual beauty and the devilish obsession with sensual beauty, that is, decadence, which began with French writers Gautier and Baudelaire, who influenced Swinburne. The former was known as an advocate of the so-called "art supremacy," or "l'art pour l'art" (named by V. Cousin in 1845), and advocated autonomous beauty that transcends utility. ... *Some terminology explanations that mention "décadence" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…〈デカダンスdécadence〉は一般に衰退,落,退廃を意味するフランス語である。本来はローマ帝国末期の文化が爛熟の極に衰退して技巧的になり,不自然,不健康,腐敗の様相をあらわしてくることを指したが,ここではパリを中心とした19世紀末の一群の芸術家たちの傾向を指す。… 【唯美主義】より…これは唯美主義の本質をつく言葉であり,ワイルドにも,またその影響が濃厚な《禁色》の作家三島由紀夫や,同じくワイルドの《謎をもたぬスフィンクス》を種本に短編《秘密》を書いた谷崎潤一郎にも当てはまる。 19世紀以来の唯美主義は観念的美の世界と悪魔的な官能美への惑溺,すなわちデカダンスdécadenceの二極を絶えず往復しているが,これはスウィンバーンに影響を与えたフランスの文学者ゴーティエやボードレールに始まる。前者は,いわゆる〈芸術至上主義〉,すなわち〈芸術のための芸術l’art pour l’art〉(命名は1845年,V.クーザンによる)の唱道者として知られ,効用性を超越した自律的な美を主張した。… ※「décadence」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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