debris avalanche

Japanese: debris avalanche(英語表記)debrisavalanche
debris avalanche

...This causes great disasters at the foot of the mountain. A violent explosion causes the mountain to collapse, sending debris avalanches down the mountain, which can mix with water downstream and become muddy mudflows (Mt. St. Helens, Mt. Bandai, etc.). In some cases, no water is involved from the start, and these are large-scale and cause considerable damage.

From Mass Movement


[Rapid Flow]
When a large amount of water is suddenly added to fine-grained sediments such as volcanic ash, sand, and clay, or to a layer of rock debris that contains a lot of these materials, due to rainfall, melting snow, groundwater seepage, or volcanic activity, a high-velocity flow of slope material occurs. Depending on the nature of the material and the amount of water content, they are classified as earth flows, mud flows, debris flows, and debris avalanches. All of them occur temporarily and unevenly. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "debris avalanche" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これは山麓に大きな災害をもたらす。激しい爆発で山体がくずれ,岩屑なだれ(デブリアバランシュdebrisavalanche)が流下し,その下流部では水と混じり泥分の多い泥流になることもある(セント・ヘレンズ火山,磐梯山など)。このように初めから水を伴わない場合もあり,それらは大規模で被害も著しく大きい。…

【マス・ムーブメント】より


[急速な流動]
 火山灰や砂,粘土など細粒の堆積物やそれらを多く含んだ岩屑層に,降雨,融雪,地下水の湧出,火山活動などで急に多量の水が加わると,速度の大きな斜面物質の流動が起こる。物質の性質と含水量の多少によって土砂流earth flow,泥流mud flow,土石流,岩屑なだれdebris avalancheに分けられる。いずれもその発生は一時的かつ偏在的である。…

※「debris avalanche」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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