Plasticity - Sosei (English spelling) plasticity

Japanese: 塑性 - そせい（英語表記）plasticity

Also called plasticity. When a solid is deformed by a force that exceeds its elastic limit (→ proportional limit), the property of the deformation remaining even after the force is removed and not returning to its original shape. This type of deformation is called plastic deformation or permanent deformation. In particular, the plasticity of metals and other materials when they are stretched into wire is called ductility, and the plasticity of materials when they are beaten into foil is called malleability. Plastic deformation occurs when the force exceeds the elastic limit, but is even more severe when the yield point is exceeded. Plasticity is significantly affected by temperature. Materials with a small stress at the yield point, such as clay, are prone to plastic deformation and are called plastic bodies. Polymeric materials such as resins are also plastic bodies, and synthetic resins that can be molded by applying heat or pressure to cause plastic deformation are generally called plastics.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

可塑性ともいう。固体が弾性限度 (→比例限度 ) をこえた大きい力を受けて変形するとき，力を除いてもその変形がもとに戻らないで残ってしまう性質。この変形を塑性変形または永久変形という。特に，金属などを引伸ばして針金にするときの塑性を延性，たたき広げて箔にするときの塑性を展性という。塑性変形は力が弾性限度をこえれば生じるが，降伏点をこえればさらに著しい。塑性は温度によってかなりの影響を受ける。粘土のように降伏点の応力が小さいものは塑性変形しやすく，塑性体と呼ばれる。樹脂のような高分子物質も塑性体で，熱や圧力を加えて塑性変形させて成形することができる合成樹脂を一般にプラスチックと呼ぶ。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Resurrection - Sosei

>>: Soest (English spelling)