Lee Sam Pyeong

Japanese: 李参平 - り・さんぺい

Year of death: 1655 (1.8 of the Meireki era)
Year of birth: Year of birth unknown. A potter from the Joseon Dynasty (Yi Dynasty), he is considered to be the founder of Hizen Arita porcelain. His Japanese name was Kanegae Sanbei. According to the document "Sarayama Kanegae Sanbu Koryo Manroku Koko Shotate" (Taku Family Documents), which Sanbei himself submitted to the Taku family in 1653 (Shoo 2), he came from "Koryo" and served under "Nagato no Kami" for several years, before moving to Sarayama in Arita in 1616 (Genna 2), where he employed 10 people and oversaw 120 potters. Sanbei's life story is described in more detail in documents such as the Kanegae Family Documents, "Notes on the Lawsuit Concerning the Origins of One's Ancestor," submitted by Sanbei's descendant Kanegae Sotayu in 1807. It is said that his given name was Sanpei, that he was born in Kanegae, Chungcheong-do, Korea, and that he served as a guide for Nabeshima Naoshige during the Keicho War, and worked as a potter before coming to Japan (a similar story exists about Ri Shakkou, the founder of Hagi ware), and that he was entrusted to Taku Yasutsugu, a vassal of Nabeshima Naoshige, and opened a kiln in Tengudani, Shirakawa. In 1816, the Taku family submitted a biography of Kanegae Seigobei to the Saga domain by the Taku family in connection with a lawsuit, titled "Kuchitatsukaku" (Kuchika Documents), which states that Sanbei's original surname was Lee, that he was given the name Kanegae Sanbei after his birthplace, Kanegae Island, and ordered to make pottery. He discovered pottery stone in Arita-go and opened a kiln in Kami-Shirakawa, which led to Arita pottery becoming a "domestic product" of the Saga domain, and that "Sanbei's distinguished service marked the founding of kiln firing." There are several stories other than Sanpei about the birth of Arita porcelain, and although the Tengudani kiln, which is said to have been established by Sanpei, is not the oldest, it can be said that he played a major role among the Korean potters at the beginning of porcelain firing. <References> "Arita Town History: Pottery Industry Volume I"

(Yoshiaki Ito)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：明暦1.8(1655)
生年：生年不詳
朝鮮王朝(李朝)の陶工,肥前有田磁器の開祖とされている。和名金ケ江三兵衛。承応2(1653)年に三兵衛本人が多久家に提出した文書「皿山金ケ江三部高麗万罷越候書立」『多久家文書』によれば,「高麗」から渡来し,数年は「長門守」のもとで仕え,元和2(1616)年に有田皿山に移住し,三兵衛自身は10人を雇い,120人の陶工を統率していた。文化4(1807)年に三兵衛の子孫金ケ江惣太夫が提出した「乍恐某先祖之由緒を以御訴訟申上口上覚」『金ケ江家文書』などには,三兵衛の事跡がより詳しく述べられ,名は参平,生まれは朝鮮忠清道金江で,慶長の役の際に鍋島直茂の道案内を務め,陶工を業としたところから日本に渡来し(萩焼の祖李勺光にも同様の伝えがある),鍋島直茂の家臣多久安順に預けられ,白川天狗谷で開窯したとされる。文化6年,訴訟に関連して多久家が佐賀本藩に提出した金ケ江清五兵衛の来歴書「口達覚」『多久家文書』には,三兵衛の本姓は李氏であったとし,出身地金ケ江島にちなんで金ケ江三兵衛と名乗らせ,焼物作りを命じたところ,有田郷で陶石を発見,上白川で開窯,これを契機に有田の陶業が佐賀藩の「御国産」となったとし,「三兵衛勲功を以,釜焼之開基」とする。有田磁器の誕生には,参平のほかにもいくつかの伝えがあり,窯跡の考古学的調査から,参平が興したといわれる天狗谷窯も最古ではないが,磁器焼成開始期の朝鮮人陶工集団のなかで大きな役割を果たした人物といえよう。<参考文献>『有田町史陶業編Ⅰ』

(伊藤嘉章)

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