...However, the movement quickly died down when federal laws were passed in the early 1870s to crack down on the Klan. However, after World War I, when the "reactionary era" began, marked by anti-immigration and rising anti-radicalism, the Klan movement revived, and in the 1920s, with the help of two propagandists, Edward Clarke and Elizabeth Tyler, it developed into a nationwide movement. Their slogans of "American nativism" and "white and Protestant supremacy" and their main enemies being "foreign things" and "immorality" were widely accepted in American society in the 1920s, and the Klan movement, along with the "flaming cross" that was their symbol of justice, developed into an anti-black, anti-Jewish, anti-"anti-war", anti-Bolshevik, anti-Catholic, and anti-evolution movement, and by 1924 it had become a national organization with over 4 million members. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Clarke, E." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…だがさしもの運動も1870年代の初頭にクラン取締りのための連邦法が成立したりして,急速に下火となっていった。しかし第1次大戦後,移民排撃や反ラディカリズムの高まりといった〈反動の時代〉が始まると,クラン運動も再び息を吹き返し,1920年代,クラークEdward ClarkeやタイラーElizabeth Tylerという2人の宣伝家を得て,全国的規模の運動へと発展していく。〈アメリカ出生主義〉と〈白人およびプロテスタント優越主義〉を運動のスローガンとして,〈外国的なもの〉と〈不道徳性〉をその主要な敵とする彼らの主張は,20年代のアメリカ社会に広く受け入れられ,クラン運動は,彼らの正義のシンボルとされる〈もえる十字架〉とともに,反黒人,反ユダヤ,反〈反戦論者〉,反ボリシェビキ,反カトリック,反進化論の運動となって展開し,24年には400万を超える会員を数える全国組織となった。… ※「Clarke,E.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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