Carbonyl chloride - Carbonyl chloride

COCl ₂ (98.92). Also called phosgene. It is obtained by the reaction of carbon tetrachloride with oleum or with carbon tetrachloride with formaldehyde in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride. In industry, it is synthesized by heating carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of an activated carbon catalyst. It is a colorless gas with a characteristic odor (pungent odor when strong, dry odor when diluted). The gas molecule has a planar triangular structure. Density 1.43 g cm ^-3 (-19 °C, liquid). CO approximately 1.17 Å, C-Cl approximately 1.74 Å. ∠Cl-C-Cl approximately 112°. Melting point -126 °C, boiling point 8.2 °C. It is sparingly soluble in cold water. It hydrolyzes slowly in water and more quickly in hot water to produce CO and HCl. It is easily soluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, acetic acid, etc. It decomposes to CO and Cl ₂ when heated. It is highly reactive. When it reacts with HF, it becomes carbonyl fluoride COClF; ​​when it reacts with _NH3 , it becomes chloroformamide _H2NCOCl and then urea ( _NH2 ) _2CO ; when it reacts with primary amine _RNH2 , it becomes carbamoyl chloride RNHCOCl. It is used in organic synthesis raw materials such as dyes, adhesives, herbicides, medicines, plasticizers, and synthetic resins, as a chlorinating agent, and in military poison gas. [CAS 75-44-5]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

COCl₂(98.92)．ホスゲン(phosgene)ともいう．四塩化炭素と発煙硫酸との反応や，無水塩化アルミニウムの存在下で四塩化炭素とホルムアルデヒドとの反応で得られる．工業的には，一酸化炭素と塩素を活性炭触媒の存在下で加熱して合成する．無色，特有臭(濃いと刺激臭，薄めると乾草臭)のある気体．気体分子は平面三角形型構造．密度1.43 g cm^－3(－19 ℃，液体)．C-O約1.17 Å，C-Cl約1.74 Å．∠Cl-C-Cl約112°．融点－126 ℃，沸点8.2 ℃．冷水に難溶．水で徐々に，熱水ではより速く加水分解してCOとHClを生じる．ベンゼン，四塩化炭素，酢酸などに易溶．加熱するとCOと Cl₂ に分解する．反応性に富む．HFと反応すると塩化フッ化カルボニルCOClFに，NH₃と反応するとクロロギ酸アミドH₂NCOClを経て尿素(NH₂)₂COに，第一級アミンRNH₂と反応すると塩化カルバモイルRNHCOClになる．染料，接着剤，除草剤，医療，可塑剤，合成樹脂などの有機合成原料，塩素化剤，軍事用毒ガスに用いられる．[CAS 75-44-5]

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