Mangosteen - Mangosteen (English spelling)

Japanese: マンゴスチン - まんごすちん(英語表記)mangosteen
Mangosteen - Mangosteen (English spelling)

An evergreen small tree of the family Hypericaceae (APG classification: Garcinia family). It is said to be native to the Malay Archipelago. It grows to a height of 10 meters. The leaves are opposite, leathery, 15-25 cm long, 6-10 cm wide, pointed, entire. The flowers are polymorphous, with 2-9 male flowers clustered at the ends of the branches, and hermaphrodite flowers at the ends of young branches. The female flowers are pale-fleshed, 1-2 in each leaf axil, about 5 cm in diameter, with 4 petals and 4 sepals. The stamens are underdeveloped, and the stigma of the pistil is divided into several radially. The fruit is spherical to compressed, 4-7 cm wide, 3.5-6 cm long, with a thick skin that turns purple-black as it ripens, and a plum-shaped flower scar remains at the apex. The flesh is white, and is divided into 4-8 parts arranged radially like the sacs of mangosteen. It contains a fan-shaped seed, and yellow fibers protrude from the seed coat and penetrate into the flesh. It is difficult to separate the flesh from the seeds. The flesh is rich in a slight sourness and elegant sweetness, and has a taste that melts in the mouth, and is called the queen of tropical fruits. It flowers in March and April, but in some areas it blooms in May and June, and ripens in five months. It is eaten raw and used in jelly. The peel contains a yellow pigment called mangosteen C 24 H 26 O 6 and tannins, which make it a dye. It is also used as an astringent. The wood is dark brown and hard, and is used for furniture and rice pounding sticks. It is propagated by seed or grafting. It grows well in areas with a humid climate typical of the tropics.

[Muneo Iizuka July 21, 2020]

[Reference] | Hypericaceae
mangosteen
©Shogakukan ">

mangosteen


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

オトギリソウ科(APG分類:フクギ科)の常緑小高木。マレー諸島原産といわれる。高さ10メートル。葉は対生し、革質で長さ15~25センチメートル、幅6~10センチメートル、先はとがり、全縁。花は雑性花で、雄花は枝の先端に2~9個が群がってつき、両性花は若枝の先端につく。雌花は葉腋(ようえき)に1~2個ずつつき、淡肉色で径約5センチメートル、花弁、萼(がく)ともに4枚。雄しべは発育不全で、雌しべの柱頭は放射状に数個に区分される。果実は球形から圧球形で、横径4~7センチメートル、縦径3.5~6センチメートル、果皮は厚く、熟すにつれ紫黒色になり、果頂に梅鉢様の花痕(かこん)が残る。果肉は白色で、ミカンの瓤嚢(じょうのう)(袋)のように4~8個に分かれて放射状に配列する。中に扇形の種子があり、種皮から黄色の繊維が出て果肉内に入り込む。果肉と種子との分離は困難である。果肉はわずかな酸味と上品な甘味に富み、口内で溶け去るような食味をもち、熱帯産果物の女王といわれる。花期は3~4月であるが、5~6月の地方もあり、5か月で熟す。生食のほか、ゼリーに用いる。果皮部分にはマンゴスチンC24H26O6という黄色色素とタンニンを含み、染料となる。また果皮は収斂(しゅうれん)剤としても用いられる。材は暗褐色で堅く、家具や米を搗(つ)く棒などにする。繁殖は実生(みしょう)または接木(つぎき)による。熱帯特有の湿潤気候の地域でよく育つ。

[飯塚宗夫 2020年7月21日]

[参照項目] | オトギリソウ科
マンゴスチン
©Shogakukan">

マンゴスチン


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