...After the end of the Wars of Religion, under the rule of Louis XIII, Prime Minister Cardinal Richelieu sought to achieve order and harmony in a unified nation by establishing a centralized system in all aspects of politics, economy, and culture. His cultural policy, including the founding of the Académie Française (1635) and the patronage of writers and artists, played a major role in the establishment of classicism as a top-down reform, and Jean Chapelain (1595-1674), a central figure in the Académie Française, established a theory of rules that would become the theoretical standard for classicism, based on the interpretation of Aristotle's Poetics (De Poetics) by Italian literary scholars since the 16th century. The debate over the rules of the tragicomedy "Le Cid" by P. Corneille, which premiered in 1637, between the Academy and the author (the so-called "Le Cid controversy") was carried over into the realm of practice with the production and success of Corneille's own "tragedies that conform to the rules" ("Horace," "Cinna," and "Polyuct") in the 1640s. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Chapelain, J." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…宗教戦争の終結後,王位についたルイ13世の治下で,宰相・枢機卿リシュリューは,統一国家としての秩序と調和への意志を,政治,経済,文化のあらゆる局面における中央集権体制の確立によって果たそうとする。その文化政策であるアカデミー・フランセーズ創設(1635)や文人,芸術家の庇護は,上からの改革として古典主義の確立に大きな役割を果たし,アカデミー・フランセーズの中心人物シャプランJean Chapelain(1595‐1674)は,16世紀以来のイタリア人文学者を中心とするアリストテレス《詩学(創作論)》の読解を受けて,古典主義の理論的基準となる規則論を確立する。1637年初演のP.コルネイユの悲喜劇《ル・シッド》をめぐるアカデミー側と作者側の規則論議(いわゆる〈ル・シッド論争〉)は,40年代のコルネイユ自身の〈規則にかなった悲劇〉(《オラース》《シンナ》《ポリュークト》)の制作と成功によって,実践の領域へと超えられていく。… ※「Chapelain,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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