Born January 1, 1941. Stroud. British scientist. He received his master's degree in biochemistry from Christ College, Cambridge in 1966, and his doctorate in anatomy and embryology from University College, London in 1969, after which he taught at the same college. He moved to Cambridge in 1978, and has been a professor of molecular genetics at Cardiff University since 1999. He was a fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1993, and knighted in 2004. In 1981, while researching cell differentiation, he discovered a method for culturing embryonic stem cells (ES cells) together with embryologist Matt H. Kaufman. In 1984, he proved that inserting ES cells into another type of embryo creates a chimera consisting of two types of cells, and in 1987, he succeeded in creating a disease model mouse by introducing a genetic mutation into ES cells. ES cells have expanded their applications in regenerative medicine. For this achievement, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2007 along with Mario R. Capecchi and Oliver Smithies. He has also received many other awards, including the Albert Lasker Medical Research Award (2001). (→ Genetic Engineering ) Evans Evans, Oliver Born September 13, 1755 in Newport, Delaware [Died] April 15, 1819. New York. American inventor. Apprenticed to a millwright at the age of 16. Interested in improving carding technology for the textile industry, which was becoming increasingly popular at the time, he completed a high-speed carding machine in his 20s. In 1784, he designed a water-powered flour mill with an automated entire process, which he built on the outskirts of Philadelphia. After further improvements, in 1801 he established an automated lime fertilizer factory in the city, powered by a steam engine. From 1806 he began improving steam engines, and in 1817 he succeeded in creating a 24-horsepower high-pressure steam engine. He is known as a pioneer of high-pressure engines, along with Britain's R. Trevithick. He also invented the steam dredger. His books include The Young Millwright and Miller's Manual (1792) and The Young Steam Engineer's Manual (1805). Evans Evans, Walker Born: November 3, 1903 in St. Louis Died April 10, 1975. Connecticut. American photographer. In 1926 he went to Paris, where he was influenced by the documentary photography of E. Atget and decided to become a photographer. After returning to Japan, he began photographing Victorian architecture in New England from around 1930, and in 1934 exhibited his work at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, where it garnered attention. He also played a central role in the camera campaign organized by the Farm Security Administration during the Wall Street Depression. In 1940 he won a Guggenheim Award for documenting tenant farmers in Alabama. After World War II he became an important figure in the American photography world. His major collections include "Tenant Families" (1936) and "Walker Evans: Photographs for the FSA, 1935-38" (73). Evans Evans, Sir Arthur Born: July 8, 1851, Nash Mills [Died] July 11, 1941. British archaeologist from Yulbury near Oxford. Full name: Sir Arthur John Evans. Discoverer of Cretan civilization. Graduated from Oxford University. In 1884 he became director of the Ashmole Museum, and in 1899 he established the Cretan Excavation Foundation, promoting the excavation of the Knossos ruins. From the following year, 1900, he excavated the remains of a palace and many undeciphered linear writing materials, making a great contribution to the elucidation of Cretan civilization. He was knighted in 1911. His books include Scripta Minoa (1909) and The Palace of Minos (4 volumes, 1921-36). Evans Evans, Dame Edith Mary Born: February 8, 1888, London [Died] October 14, 1976, London. British actress. Debuted in 1912. Gained attention for her role as Millamant in Congreve's The Way Things Are (1924). Appeared in many Shakespeare plays, including Portia, at the Old Vic. She gave excellent performances in 17th century comedies, O. Wilde, GB Shaw, and others, and was made a Dame in 1946. She also appeared in many films. Evans Evans, Bill Born: August 16, 1929 in Plainfield, New Jersey [Died] September 15, 1980. American jazz pianist born in New York. His real name was William John Evans. He gained attention when he joined M. Davis' band in 1958, and in 1959, he formed his own trio with bassist Scott LaFaro and drummer Paul Motian, and gained fame for his delicate and intelligent playing. Evans Evans, Gil Born: May 13, 1912 in Toronto, Canada [Died] March 20, 1988. Cuernavaca American jazz composer, arranger, and pianist. His real name was Ian Ernest Gilmore Green. He entered the music world in 1930, and arranged for the Claude Thornhill Orchestra from 1941 to 1948. In 1957, he teamed up with M. Davis to release a series of popular works. His works are characterized by the use of the French horn. Evans Evans, B. Ifor Born: August 19, 1899, London [Dead]? British literary historian and Provost of the University of London. His works include The Language of Shakespeare's Plays (1952) and English Literature: Values and Traditions (62). Evans Evans, Maurice Born: June 3, 1901 in Dorset [Died] March 12, 1989, Brighton. British actor. He gained attention in 1928 for his role in Journey's End. In 1935 he moved to the United States and later became a naturalized citizen. He appeared in many of Shakespeare's plays. He also received favorable reviews for his roles in the films Rosemary's Baby (1968) and Planet of the Apes (1969). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |