Oktroi

Japanese: Oktroi
Oktroi

…For example, in 1332, the citizens of Nuremberg enjoyed the privilege of exemption from customs duties in 72 cities. As commerce developed and transactions in the city markets became regular, the city enacted the Law on Foreign Merchants (Gastrecht) to collect various fees from their businesses (such as fees for the use of markets, weighing stations, warehouses, wharves, cranes, inns, shops, towboats, etc., as well as fees for brokering transactions) and imposed the City Tax (Oktroi) on the import of foodstuffs. In particular, the city tried to increase opportunities for trade and profits by concentrating commerce in the city through the enactment of the Stapelrecht, which included the Niederlagsrecht (retention and sale obligations) that required merchants passing through the city to stay in the city for a certain period of time to sell their goods, and the Umschlagsrecht (transshipment obligations) that required merchants to transship their goods to a carrier in the city. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Oktroi" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…たとえばニュルンベルク市民は1332年に72の都市で関税免除の特権をもっていた。商業が発達し都市市場での取引が恒常化すると,都市は外来商人の法Gastrechtを制定して彼らの営業からさまざまな手数料を徴収し(市場,秤量所,倉庫,埠頭,クレーン,旅宿,店舗,引舟などの使用料や取引の仲介手数料など),食料品の搬入に際して入市税Oktroiを課した。とくに,商業を都市に集中して取引と収益の機会を増やそうとしたやり方が互市強制権Stapelrechtの制定で,これには,都市を通過する商人に対して一定期間都市内に滞在して商品を販売させる留置・販売強制Niederlagsrechtと,商品を積み替えてその都市の運送業者に輸送させる積替強制Umschlagsrechtがあった。…

※「Oktroi」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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