Improved clothing - Kairyofuku

Japanese: 改良服 - かいりょうふく

It was an active improvement of women's clothing, which had been shaped by corsets, obi, and excessive decoration that distorted the natural body. In Japan, after the Meiji period, as women began to advance in society, the inconvenience of kimonos, which were not active and required long sleeves, hem, and wide obi, was pointed out. A debate over whether to wear Japanese clothing or Western clothing unfolded in magazines such as Jogaku Zasshi, and obi and corsets were criticized not only from the perspective of femininity but also from the perspective of hygiene. However, the active nature of Western clothing drew attention, and calls were made to ``make petticoat-like undergarments'' (Jogaku Zasshi, No. 53, 1887), ``make flannel trousers for women'' (Jogaku Zasshi, No. 138, 1888), and ``cut the sleeves of schoolgirl uniforms to make them into tube sleeves'' (Jogaku Zasshi, No. 59, 1887), and attempts were made to improve them. At the same time, updos became more common as hairstyles.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

自然の身体をゆがめるコルセットや帯，過剰な装飾などで形作られた女性の衣服を，活動的に改良したもの。日本では明治以降，女性の社会的進出がみられるようになると，袖が長くお端折りや幅の広い帯などを必要とする活動的でない着物の不便さが指摘されるようになった。《女学雑誌》などで和服か洋服かの論争が展開され，〈女らしさ〉の視点からだけでなく衛生などの面からも，帯やコルセットなどが批判された。しかし，洋服の活動性が注目され，〈ペティコート風の下衣をつくれ〉(《女学雑誌》第53号，1887)，〈女性にもフランネルの股引を〉(同第138号，1888)，〈女学生の制服の袖を切り筒袖に〉(同第59号，1887)などの声も出て改良が試みられ，同時に髪形も束髪が普及した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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