...The planar and cross-sectional shapes of coral reefs are determined by the ecological and bottom topography of each location, as well as Quaternary sea level and seawater temperature changes, which will be described later. As a result, coral reefs are broadly classified into apron reefs, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, table reefs, and patch reefs (Figure 1). The topographical elements that serve as classification criteria for each type are the presence or absence of a lagoon and its depth, the degree of continuity of the reef flat, the depth of the base of the reef slope on the ocean side, the relative position of the width of the reef to the width of the continental shelf, and the presence or absence of a central island. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "atoll" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…サンゴ礁地形の平面形や断面形は,場所ごとの生態的条件,海底地形の条件とともに,それ以上に後述する第四紀の海水準変化と海水温度変化によって決められている。この結果サンゴ礁は,エプロン礁apron reef,裾礁fringing reef,堡礁barrier reef,環礁atoll,卓礁table reef,離礁patch reefに大別される(図1)。各タイプの分類規準となる地形要素は礁湖の有無や深度,堤状をなす礁外縁が低潮位面にほぼ一致した平たん部すなわち礁原reef flatの連続性の程度,外洋側の礁斜面の基底部の深度および陸棚の幅に対する礁全体の幅の相対的な位置,このほかに中央島の有無などである。… ※「atoll」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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