Painting place - Painting place

Japanese: 絵所 - えどころ

Since the Heian period, this institution was responsible for the production of paintings at the imperial court and at shrines and temples. It was established in the imperial court in the mid-9th century after the abolition of the previous Edokō-no-tsukasa (painting office) in 808. The organization consisted of a betto (director) in charge of administrative affairs, azukari (caretaker) who was a specialist painter, asumigaki (caller), and auxiliary craftsmen. This institution was involved in a wide range of activities, from the production of folding screens, shoji paintings, scroll paintings, and booklet paintings, to the design and coloring of furnishings, to meet all the needs of the imperial court and the aristocracy. The painters also worked with ebutsu-shi (painting Buddhist sculptors) to decorate the interiors of Buddhist buildings and produce Buddhist paintings. From the Kamakura period onwards, the imperial court's painting office inherited the traditional Yamato-e style and techniques, and by the end of the 14th century, the Tosa school had taken over the position of edokoro-yaku (caretaker) by hereditary means. In addition to the imperial court painting studios, during the Kamakura period, painting studios affiliated with temples such as Toji Temple, Kofuku-ji Temple, and Kasuga Taisha Shrine began to be established. In particular, the Kofuku-ji painting studio was divided into the Handa-za and Shiba-za troupes and continued to be active until the Muromachi period.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

平安時代以降，宮廷や社寺に所属し絵画制作を担当した機関。大同3 (808) 年，それまでの画工司 (えだくみのつかさ) が廃止されたのち，9世紀なかばに宮廷内に設立された。組織としては，事務を司る別当の下に専門絵師の預 (あずかり) と墨書 (すみがき) が配され，さらに補助的な雑工がいた。ここでは宮廷や貴族の生活のあらゆる需要に応じて，屏風，障子絵，絵巻，冊子絵などの制作から，調度工芸のデザイン，彩色にいたるまで幅広い活動を行なった。絵師たちはまた絵仏師とともに仏教建築内部の装飾や仏画の制作にもたずさわった。鎌倉時代以降，宮廷の絵所は，伝統的なやまと絵の様式，技法を受継ぎ，14世紀末には土佐派が絵所預の職を世襲するようになった。宮廷絵所とは別に鎌倉時代に入ると東寺や興福寺，春日大社など，寺院に所属する絵所も設けられるようになり，特に興福寺絵所は吐田 (はんだ) 座，芝座に分れて室町時代まで活動した。

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