Alfred Hettner

Japanese: ヘットナー - へっとなー(英語表記)Alfred Hettner
Alfred Hettner

German geographer. As a professor at the University of Heidelberg, he studied the history and methodology of geography, systematizing modern geography and making a major contribution to its establishment. He traveled particularly to Brazil and Asia, and argued that geography, which clarifies the characteristics of regions through their relationship with geographical phenomena, is the core of geography. He came to Japan in 1913 (Taisho 2) and discovered a stone with glacial marks along the Azusa River in the Northern Alps. He famously claimed that glaciers existed at low altitudes in Japan during the ice age, and thus started the debate on glaciers in Japan. He called this stone a Hettner stone. His major works include Comparative Geography (4 volumes, 1932-1935), Geography: Its Essence, Method, and History (1927), and Fundamental Problems of Geography (1907-1924). As he was Jewish, he was persecuted by the Nazis in his later years.

[Masami Ichikawa]

[References] | Regional geography | Geography

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの地理学者。ハイデルベルク大学教授として、地理学の歴史・方法論を研究し、近代地理学の体系化を行い、その確立に大きく貢献した。とくにブラジルやアジアを旅行し、地域の性格を地理的諸事象との関連から明らかにする地誌学こそ、地理学の中核をなすことを主張した。1913年(大正2)来日し、北アルプスの梓(あずさ)川沿岸で氷河の擦痕(さっこん)のある石を発見した。これにより日本の氷期にも低位置まで氷河があったと唱え、日本の氷河論争の端緒を開いたことは有名である。この石をとくにヘットナー石と称した。主著に『比較地誌学』4巻(1932~1935)、『地理学――その本質・方法・歴史について』(1927)、『地誌学の基本問題』(1907~1924)などがある。ユダヤ系のため、晩年はナチスの迫害を受けた。

[市川正巳]

[参照項目] | 地誌 | 地理学

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