Kurt Eisner

Japanese: アイスナー - あいすなー(英語表記)Kurt Eisner
Kurt Eisner

German socialist. Born in Berlin as the son of a Jewish factory owner, he studied philosophy and literature and joined the circle of politician Naumann. In 1899, he became editor of the Social Democratic Party's newspaper, Vorwelts, and resigned in 1905 after criticism from revisionists, but continued to write after that. During World War I, he adopted an anti-war stance, and in 1917 he joined the Independent Social Democratic Party and became head of its Munich branch. In January 1918, he was arrested for leading an anti-war strike, but was released in October, and on November 7, he declared the Bavarian Republic and became Prime Minister of the new government. However, after a major defeat in the state elections in January 1919, he was forced to go to parliament on February 21 to open the new parliament, but was shot dead by a reactionary aristocrat on his way there.

[Toshio Matsu]

[References] | Naumann | Bavaria

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの社会主義者。ユダヤ人工場主の子としてベルリンに生まれ、哲学、文学などを学び、政治家ナウマンのサークルに参加した。1899年、社会民主党機関紙『フォーアウェルツ』の編集者となり、1905年、修正主義者の批判を受けて辞職したが、その後も文筆活動を続けた。第一次世界大戦中に反戦的立場に転じ、1917年独立社会民主党に加わり、ミュンヘン支部長となった。1918年1月、反戦ストを指導して逮捕されたが、10月釈放され、11月7日にはバイエルン共和国を宣言し、自ら新政府の首相となった。しかし1919年1月の州選挙で大敗して、やむなく新議会を開会するため2月21日、議会へ赴く途中、反動的貴族によって射殺された。

[松 俊夫]

[参照項目] | ナウマン | バイエルン

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