Manuchihri (English spelling)

...In the second half of the 10th century, Firdousi, Iran's greatest national poet, succeeded the pioneering poet Dakiki and began composing poetry on the themes of myths, legends, and history from the founding of Iran to the fall of the Sassanid dynasty. Over the course of more than 30 years, he completed the great national epic poem, the Shahnameh (Book of the Kings), which consists of some 60,000 verses. Although the Turkish Ghaznavid and Seljuk dynasties continued to rule from the early 11th century to the 13th century, these dynasties also became completely Iranian culturally and continued the traditional cultural policies that had been in place since the Samanid dynasty, and as a result Persian poetry continued to flourish even under the rule of foreign dynasties.It is said that as many as 400 Persian court poets served at the court of the Ghaznavid Sultan Mahmud in the first half of the 11th century, a poet laureate system was established, and anthemic poets such as Unṣurī, Farrukhī, and Manūchihrī were active, establishing the "Khorasan style" which became the mainstream of classical Persian poetry and further enriching expression by incorporating much Arabic vocabulary. During the Seljuk period from the late 11th century to the early 12th century, Persian poetry reached its zenith in both quality and quantity, with Mu'izzi and Anwari, the greatest poet of odes, emerging as court poets.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Manūchihrī" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…10世紀後半に先駆的詩人ダキーキーの後を継いで，イラン建国からササン朝滅亡に至る神話，伝説，歴史をテーマに作詩に着手し，30余年をかけて約6万句に及ぶ大民族叙事詩《シャー･ナーメ(王書)》を完成させたのがイラン最大の民族詩人フィルドゥーシーである。　11世紀初頭から13世紀にかけてトルコ系ガズナ朝，セルジューク朝の支配が続いたとはいえ，これらの王朝も文化的には完全にイラン化してサーマーン朝以来の伝統的文化政策を踏襲したため，異民族王朝支配下においてもペルシア詩は隆盛の一途をたどり，11世紀前半ガズナ朝スルタン，マフムードの宮廷には400人ものペルシア宮廷詩人が仕えていたといわれ，桂冠詩人の制度が設けられ，ウンスリー‘Unṣurī，ファッルヒーFarrukhī，マヌーチフリーManūchihrīらの頌詩詩人が活躍し，ペルシア古典詩の主流になった〈ホラーサーン･スタイル〉を確立し，アラビア語彙を多く採り入れて表現をさらに豊かにした。11世紀後半から12世紀前半にかけてのセルジューク朝支配時代にはペルシア詩は質量ともに最高潮に達し，宮廷詩人としてはムイッジーMu‘izzīをはじめ，頌詩の最高詩人アンワリーが現れた。…

※「Manūchihrī」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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