Rosenberg case - Rosenberg case

Japanese: ローゼンバーグ事件 - ろーぜんばーぐじけん
Rosenberg case - Rosenberg case

Julius Rosenberg (1918-53) and his wife Ethel (1915-53) were executed for selling atomic bomb secrets to the Soviet Union. Following the arrest of Klaus Fuchs, a suspected British atomic bomb spy, Greenglass and his brother-in-law, the Rosenbergs, were arrested in February 1950 as part of the same spy ring. The couple were accused of receiving atomic bomb secrets from Greenglass, who worked as an electrician at an atomic bomb factory during the war, and selling them to the Soviet Union. The only evidence was Greenglass' confession, and the Rosenbergs maintained their innocence to the end, refusing an offer to reduce their sentences if they confessed, and were executed in the electric chair. Greenglass' confession and the drawings he drew, which were used as evidence, were completely meaningless, as the world's greatest minds, including Einstein and Dr. Harold Urey, stated in a letter to President Eisenhower.

The incident was seen as a political reaction to the Soviet Union acquiring the atomic bomb the previous year in 1949, breaking America's monopoly on the atomic bomb, and strong protests arose both in the United States and Europe, and there were repeated requests to President Eisenhower to halt the executions of world-famous people, but in America at the time, where McCarthyism was rampant, the executions could not be stopped. Today, several research books based on thorough investigations have been published in the UK and the US, which prove that the Rosenbergs were completely innocent. A collection of letters the couple sent to their two young sons from prison (translated into Japanese as "Love Beyond Death") is well known.

[Rikui Saburo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ジュリアス・ローゼンバーグ(1918―53)とその妻エセル(1915―53)を、当時のソ連に原爆機密を売った犯人として処刑した事件。英原爆スパイ容疑者クラウス・フックスが逮捕されたのを契機に、同じスパイ・リングの一環として1950年2月グリーングラス夫妻とその義兄ローゼンバーグ夫妻が逮捕された。容疑は、夫妻が戦時中に原爆工場に電気工として勤務したグリーングラスから原爆機密を受け取り、これをソ連に売ったというものであったが、唯一の証拠はグリーングラスの自白だけで、ローゼンバーグ夫妻は最後まで潔白を主張して、自白すれば減刑するとの誘いも断って電気椅子(いす)で処刑された。証拠とされたグリーングラスの自白と彼の描いた図面も、アインシュタイン、ハロルド・ユーリー博士らの最高頭脳がアイゼンハワー大統領あて書簡で述べたように、まったく無意味なものでしかなかった。

 事件は、前年1949年にソ連が原爆を保有し、アメリカの原爆独占が破られたことに対する政治反動としてつくられたものとして、アメリカ国内でもヨーロッパでも強い抗議運動がおこり、アイゼンハワー大統領への世界著名人の処刑中止の要請も相次いだが、マッカーシズムの吹き荒れる当時のアメリカでは、処刑を中止させることはできなかった。現在では英米でいくつかの周到な調査に基づく研究書も出版されており、ローゼンバーグ夫妻が完全に無実であったことが論証されている。夫妻が獄中から幼い2人の息子たちに送った書簡集(邦訳名『愛は死を越えて』)は有名である。

[陸井三郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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