Apostoleion - Apostoleion

...The city of Constantine was founded on May 11, 330, while it was still under construction, and, except for the period of occupation by the Fourth Crusade (1204-61), it remained the capital of the Roman-Byzantine Empire until May 29, 1453, when the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II entered the city. In order to create a new eastern capital to match Rome in the west, Emperor Constantine expanded the city area fourfold to six square kilometers, surrounded it with a wall, completed the Hippodrome (which could accommodate 50,000 people) that had been started by Severus, and used the nearby Forum Augustaeon as the central square, where he built the senate building, guest houses, and a palace (which was renovated and expanded by successive emperors until the 12th century, when the court was moved to the Blachernae Palace in the northern corner of the capital). He also selected a site for the construction of the Church of Hagia Sophia (realized during the reign of Justinian I). He also made the circular Forum of Constantine the center of urban life, and built a second senatorial building, a great basilica, and government offices there for the city administration. He also built the Church of the Holy Apostles (Apostleion) near the walls and designated it as the mausoleum of successive Christian Roman emperors (Byzantine emperors). He also built a water supply system from a spring on the outskirts of the city to the palace, and built the port of Eleftherios to transport grain from Egypt.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "apostleion" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…コンスタンティヌスの街は，まだ建設途上の330年5月11日開都式を挙げ，第4回十字軍の占領期(1204‐61)を除き，1453年5月29日オスマン帝国のスルタン，メフメト2世の入城まで，ローマ･ビザンティン帝国の首都として，たび重なる異民族の攻撃に対し不落を誇った。　西方のローマに見合うこの東方の新首都づくりのため，コンスタンティヌス帝は市域を4倍の6km2に拡大してそれを城壁で囲い，セウェルスが着工した競馬場(5万人収容)を完成するとともに，かたわらのフォルム･アウグスタエオンを中央広場としてそこに元老院建物，迎賓館，宮殿(12世紀に首都北隅のブラケルナイ宮殿に宮廷が移るまで，歴代皇帝によって，改修･拡張された)などを建て，聖ソフィア教会(ハギア･ソフィア)建設用地を定め(ユスティニアヌス1世のとき実現)，また円形のコンスタンティヌス広場を都市生活の中心としてそこに都市行政のための第二元老院建物，大バシリカ，官庁などを設け，城壁近くに聖使徒教会堂(アポストレイオン)を建てて，歴代キリスト教ローマ皇帝(ビザンティン皇帝)の廟墓に定めた。その他，郊外の水源から宮殿まで水道を引き，エジプトからの穀物荷揚げのため，エレフテリオス港をつくった。…

※「アポストレイオン」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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