Hallway - Hallway

Japanese: 廊下 - ろうか
Hallway - Hallway

A long, narrow space that connects two or more rooms. It has a certain width and is separated on both sides by walls or fixtures, or openings such as doors and rooms. A passageway that connects buildings and has a roof and floor is called a corridor, and examples of this include the watadono (bridge) of the medieval shinden-zukuri style.

A corridor with rooms on only one side is called a single corridor, and a corridor with rooms on both sides is called a center corridor. The minimum width is stipulated by the Building Standards Act. The measurements vary depending on the purpose of the building and whether it is a single or center corridor, but the most commonly used measurement is 90 centimeters from the center of one pillar to the center of the other pillar. If the ceiling height is made higher than necessary, it will emphasize the narrowness of the space, so 230 centimeters should be considered the standard.

In addition to connecting rooms, corridors also serve the functions of blocking noise, views, and odors, and providing ventilation. In Japanese-style homes, corridors are sometimes installed on the outside of rooms facing the outside, in which case they function as a buffer against weather conditions, avoiding strong sunlight and preventing rain and snow from directly hitting the windows and glass doors. However, to use a building efficiently, it is desirable to shorten the corridor to reduce the walking distance and save on the building's floor space. From this perspective, in recent years, there has been a growing trend to not have corridors at all, but to use the whole building as a large space by cleverly arranging furniture and other items to create a passageway in part of the room.

When creating a corridor, it is suggested that it not only serve as a passageway connecting the rooms, but also be equipped with a decorative shelf or washroom, or be made a little wider to be used as a reception corner, sunroom, children's play area, storage space, etc. In the case of a central corridor, since there are rooms lined up on both sides, it tends to be dim, so special attention should be paid to lighting, such as making the transoms on both sides out of glass, creating a window at the end of the corridor, or installing a skylight in the ceiling. It is also important to consider ventilation between the rooms on both sides, so that the wind can pass through the corridor somewhere. Skylights are an effective piece of equipment for lighting and ventilation.

[Jin Nakamura]

[Reference] | Corridor

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

二部屋以上の室を連結する通行用の細長い空間。一定の幅をもち、両側が壁または建具、戸・室などの開口部によって仕切られる。建物と建物を連結する通路で、屋根や床のあるものは渡り廊下といい、中世の寝殿造の渡殿(わたどの)などがこれにあたる。

 廊下の片側だけに部屋のある場合を片廊下、両側に部屋のある場合を中廊下とよぶ。幅は建築基準法により最小限が規定されている。その数値は、建物の用途や片廊下・中廊下の別によって異なるが、よく用いられる寸法は、柱の中心からもう一方の柱の中心までが90センチメートルである。天井高も必要以上に高くすると狭さが強調されるので、230センチメートルを標準に考えるとよい。

 廊下には、部屋と部屋をつなぐ機能のほか、音や視線、臭(にお)いの遮断、通風などの機能もある。和風住宅などでは、部屋の外側に外部に面して廊下を設けることがあるが、この場合には強い日差しを避けたり、雨や雪が直接窓やガラス戸にあたるのを防ぐなど気象条件に対する緩衝部分としての機能を果たす。しかし、建物を効率よく使うには、廊下を短くして歩く距離を減らし、建物の面積を節減することが望ましい。こうした立場から、最近では、とくに廊下をとらずに、家具その他の配置をくふうして部屋の一部に通路をとり、全体を広い空間として活用する傾向が強くなっている。

 廊下を設ける場合も、単に各部屋をつなぐ通路としてだけでなく、飾り棚、洗面所を付属させたり、すこし幅を広くとって、応接コーナー、サンルーム、子供の遊び場、収納スペースなどとして活用することも提案されている。中廊下形式の場合は、両側に部屋が並んでいるため、薄暗くなりがちなので、両側の部屋の欄間(らんま)をガラスにしたり、廊下の突き当たりに窓をつくったり、あるいは天井にトップライトを設けたりして、とくに採光には気を配る必要がある。両側の部屋についても、廊下を隔ててどこかへ風が抜けるよう通風に留意したい。天窓は、採光・通風のために有効な設備である。

[中村 仁]

[参照項目] | 回廊

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