Flying at a speed faster than the speed of sound. Generally used to describe airplanes, a plane that can fly at supersonic speeds in level flight is called a supersonic aircraft. As the speed of air approaches the speed of sound, the effects of compression cannot be ignored, and the nature of the flow changes suddenly when the speed of sound is exceeded. Generally, airflow at speeds below Mach 1 is called subsonic flow, and airflow at speeds above Mach 1 is called supersonic flow. However, due to the compressibility of supersonic flow, shock waves are generated from objects placed in it, which creates a large resistance on the object. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
音速以上の速さで飛行すること。一般に飛行機に対して用いられ,水平飛行において超音速飛行できるものを超音速機と呼ぶ。 空気の流れは,その速度が音速に近づくにつれて圧縮による影響が無視できなくなり,音速を超えると流れの性質は急変する。一般にマッハ1を境にして,それ以下の速度の気流を亜音速流,マッハ1以上の気流を超音速流というが,超音速流では圧縮性のためにその中におかれた物体から衝撃波が発生し,それに伴って物体には大きな抵抗が働く。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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