Leon (English spelling)

Japanese: レオン（英語表記）León
Leon (English spelling)
A city in western Nicaragua. It is the second largest city in Nicaragua and the capital of the department of Leon. It is located about 75 km west-northwest of the capital Managua, on the Pacific coastal lowlands following the southwest foot of the Los Marabios Mountains. It was built by the Spanish in 1524 on the northwest shore of Lake Managua, but was destroyed by an earthquake in 1609 and moved to its current location about 30 km northwest in 1610. The ruins of the old city were registered as a cultural heritage of the World Heritage Sites in 2000. It later developed as a colonial capital, competing with Granada to the southeast. It became the capital of Nicaragua when independence came, but in 1857 the capital was moved to Managua to avoid conflict with Granada. However, it has remained the cultural center of Nicaragua, and the University of Leon, founded in 1812, was reorganized as the University of Nicaragua in 1952. It is also known as the place where the poet Rubén Darío spent his childhood and died. In 1978-79, military clashes between the Sandinista National Liberation Front and the Somoza regime (→Somoza family) were repeated, and the city center was destroyed. It is the center of the agricultural region, and is the center of cotton, sugar cane, rice, and livestock, and industries such as cotton textiles, tobacco, shoemaking, and saddlery are located here. It is a beautiful Spanish-style town with narrow, winding streets lined with red-roofed houses, and many colonial-era churches remain, including the Leon Cathedral, the largest in Central America. The Leon Cathedral was registered as a cultural heritage of the World Heritage Site in 2011. It is connected to Managua by rail and road. The metropolitan population is 139,433 (2005).

Leon
Leon

It is the capital of the province of Leon in the Autonomous Community of Castile and Leon in northwestern Spain. It is located about 130 km northwest of Valladolid. It developed from a garrison of the 7th Roman legion. The name comes from a pronunciation of legio (legion). After it was recaptured from the Moors (→Berbers) in the 10th century, it became the capital of the Kingdom of Asturias and the Kingdom of Leon. It was a key transportation point on the pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela, and played an important role in culture, politics, and economy in the Middle Ages. Today, industrialization is progressing. Dairy farming, food processing, chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing are the main industries. The city has the Gothic Santa Maria de Regla Cathedral (Leon Cathedral, construction started in 1199) with its famous stained glass, the Romanesque San Isidore Church (11th century), and the Renaissance San Marcos Abbey Church, which is now a lodging facility. Population: 130,178 (2006 estimate).

Leon
Leon

Its official name is Léon de los Aldamas. It is a city in the northwest of Guanajuato, central Mexico. It is the largest city in the state, located about 330 km northwest of Mexico City, on a fertile plain overlooking the Turbio River, a tributary of the Lerma River, at an altitude of about 1,880 m. It was settled in 1552, but the town was founded in 1576, and became a city in 1836. It was once heavily damaged by floods, but is now protected by a large dam and is an important commercial and industrial center with one of Mexico's leading grain-producing areas behind it. In addition to distributing agricultural products, it is active in the manufacture of leather products, gold and silver embroidery, steel products, textiles, soap, and there are also tanneries and flour mills. It is connected to Mexico City by main roads and railways. Its official name is named after Juan Aldama, a leader of the War of Independence. Population: 872,453 (1990 estimate).

Leon
Leon, Luis de

[Born] 1527. Belmonte
[Died] August 23, 1591. Spanish Madrigals poet and priest. A representative of mystical literature. He is known for his poems that sing of the beauty of nature as a creation of God, and for his prose dialogue "De los nombres de Cristo" (1583-85).

Leon
León, Moses ben Shem-Tob de

[Born] 1250. Leon
[Died] 1305. Arevalo Jewish mystic. After receiving an education in Neoplatonic theology, he was deeply attracted to the Jewish mystical thought of Kabbalah. He wrote The Zohar in reaction to the relaxation of religious rules in the Jewish world in Spain.

Leon
Leon

A region in northwestern Spain that includes the northern provinces of León, Salamanca, and Zamora in the region of Castile and Leon. During the late Middle Ages, it was the core of the Kingdom of León.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ニカラグア西部の都市。ニカラグア第2の都市で，レオン県の県都。首都マナグアの西北西約 75km，ロスマラビオス山脈南西麓に続く太平洋沿岸低地にある。1524年スペイン人によりマナグア湖の北西岸に建設されたが，1609年地震で破壊されたため，翌 1610年約 30km北西の現在地に移った。旧市跡は遺跡として 2000年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。その後南東のグラナダと競合しながら，植民地の首都として発展。ニカラグアの独立とともにその首都となったが，1857年グラナダとの対立を避けて首都はマナグアに移された。しかしその後もニカラグアの文化中心地で，1812年創立のレオン大学は 1952年ニカラグア大学に改組された。詩人ルベン・ダリオが少年時代を過ごし，また没した地としても知られる。1978～79年にはサンディニスタ民族解放戦線とソモサ政権（→ソモサ一族）との軍事的衝突が繰り返され，市の中心部は破壊された。農業地帯の中心地で，綿花，サトウキビ，米，家畜などを集散し，綿織物，たばこ，製靴，馬具などの工業が立地。曲がりくねった細い街路に赤い屋根の家が並ぶ美しいスペイン風の町で，中央アメリカ最大規模のレオン大聖堂をはじめとする植民地時代の聖堂が多数残っている。レオン大聖堂は 2011年，世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。マナグアと鉄道，道路で連絡。都市圏人口 13万9433（2005）。

レオン
León

スペイン北西部，カスティリア・レオン自治州，レオン県の県都。バリャドリドの北西約 130kmに位置する。ローマの第7軍団の駐屯地から発展。地名もレギオ legio（軍団）のなまりに由来する。10世紀ムーア人（→ベルベル人）から奪回後はアストゥリアス王国，レオン王国の首都となった。サンチアゴデコンポステラへの巡礼路にあたる交通の要地を占め，中世には文化，政治，経済の面で重要な役割を果たした。今日では工業化が進められつつある。酪農，食品加工業，化学製品・医薬品製造などが主産業。著名なステンドグラスのあるゴシック様式のサンタ・マリア・デ・レグラ大聖堂（レオン大聖堂，1199着工），ロマネスク様式の聖イシドロ聖堂（11世紀），今日では宿泊施設となっているルネサンス様式の聖マルコス大修道院聖堂などがある。人口 13万178（2006推計）。

レオン
León

正式名称はレオンデロスアルダマス Léon de los Aldamas。メキシコ中部，グアナフアト州北西部の都市。同州最大の都市で，メキシコ市の北西約 330km，レルマ川支流トゥルビオ川にのぞむ肥沃な平野にあり，標高約 1880m。 1552年から入植されたが，町が建設されたのは 76年で，1836年市となった。かつては洪水によって大きな被害を受けたが，現在は大規模なダムによって守られ，メキシコ有数の穀倉地帯を背後に控えて重要な商工業中心地となっている。農産物の集散のほか，皮革製品，金糸や銀糸の刺繍品，スチール製品，織物，石鹸などの製造が盛んで，なめし皮や製粉の工場もある。メキシコ市と幹線道路，鉄道で連絡。正式名称は独立戦争の指導者フアン・アルダマにちなむ。人口 87万 2453 (1990推計) 。

レオン
León， Luis de

[生]1527. ベルモンテ
[没]1591.8.23. マドリガル
スペインの詩人，聖職者。神秘文学の代表者。神の創造物としての自然美を歌った詩篇と，散文の対話『キリストの名称について』 De los nombres de Cristo (1583～85) が有名。

レオン
León， Moses ben Shem-Tob de

[生]1250頃.レオン
[没]1305. アレバロ
ユダヤ教の神秘家。新プラトン主義神学の教育を受けたのち，ユダヤ神秘思想カバラに深くひかれた。スペインのユダヤ世界の宗教的戒律の弛緩に対して『ゾハール』を書いた。

レオン
León

スペイン北西部の地方。カスティリア・レオン州のうち北部のレオン，サラマンカ，サモラの3県を含む地域をいう。中世後期のレオン王国の中心領域であった。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について　情報

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