Gold and silver

Japanese: 金公事 - かねくじ

A classification for the handling of lawsuits regarding the Edo Shogunate's income and expenditures (public affairs). It refers to monetary claims with interest that are not backed by collateral, and similar items, including silver loans, shrine funds, government funds, written payments, advance payments, advance payments, labor wages for craftsmen, deposits, dowries, unpaid accounts receivable, purchases, rice loans, store wages, remittances, and deposits with interest. Kin kouji were distinguished from hon kouji because contracts under kin kouji were originally concluded based on mutual trust, and it was believed that even if a dispute arose, it should be resolved between the parties, and that lawsuits should not be filed without due consideration. As a result, compared to official cases, they received less judicial protection, there were restrictions on the minimum amount that could be sued, and internal settlement was strongly encouraged. In terms of execution methods, the judge (such as the magistrate) would give the debtor 30 days to settle the debt, and if any payment was made within this period, the procedure would move to the payment procedure, and the debtor would be ordered to pay the debt in regular installments. This was an extremely slow method.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

江戸幕府の出入物 (公事) についての訴訟取扱い上の区分。担保物を伴わない利子付き金銭債権ならびに，これに準ずるものをいい，借金銀，祠堂金，官金，書入金，立替金，先納金，職人手間賃金，手附金，持参金，売懸金，仕入金，貸米，店賃金，仕送金，利足付預金などがこれに含まれる。金公事を本公事より区別したのは，本来金公事中の契約は相互の実意を信じて結ばれたものであり，紛争が生じても当事者間で解決するのが筋であって，みだりに出訴すべきものでないという考えがあったからである。したがって，本公事に比べると裁判上その保護は薄く，出訴最低額に制限があり，特に強く内済 (ないさい) が勧奨され，かつ執行方法において，日限済方 (ひぎりすみかた) および切金手続 (きりがねてつづき) ──債務者敗訴の場合，裁判官 (町奉行など) がその債務者に対し，30日限りの済方を申しつけ，もしこの日限内に多少とも弁済がなされれば，切金の手続に移り，債務額の一定期ごとの分割弁済を命じるというきわめて緩慢な方法がとられた。

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