Renaudot (English spelling) Théophraste Renaudot

French journalist and doctor. After studying medicine at the University of Montpellier, he traveled around Europe and practiced medicine in his hometown of Loudun, where he met his fellow countryman, Richelieu, who would later become Prime Minister. In 1612, he went to Paris and was appointed physician to the king. He was then put in charge of helping the poor, opened a pawnbrokerage, and founded a business equivalent to today's employment agency, but in May 1631, he founded the weekly newspaper "The Gazette." Newspapers published before this were banned by order of the king, so "The Gazette" monopolized the market until his death. In a dispute with the University of Paris' Faculty of Medicine, he was deprived of his right to practice medicine, but the right to publish "The Gazette" was passed down to his descendants. The Prix Renaud, one of France's two major literary prizes, was named after him and has been awarded since 1926.

[Shinichi Ito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの新聞人、医師。モンペリエ大学で医学を学んだのちヨーロッパ各地を旅行、故郷のルーダンで開業、のちに宰相となる同郷のリシュリューを知った。1612年パリに出て国王付きの医師に任ぜられ、ついで貧民救済の役を担当し、質屋を開いたり、今日の職業紹介所にあたる事業を創設したりしたが、1631年5月週刊紙『ガゼット』を創刊した。国王の命によってこれ以前に発行されていた新聞は禁止されたので、その死後に至るまで『ガゼット』は市場を独占した。パリ大学医学部との争いで開業医の権利を奪われたが、『ガゼット』発行の権利だけはその子孫に受け継がれた。フランスの二大文学賞の一つルノード賞は彼の名にちなんで設けられたもので、1926年から授賞されている。

［伊藤慎一］

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