Potassium sulfate. Also called potassium sulfate. Naturally, it is produced as alkanite. Industrially, it is produced by adding potassium chloride to an aqueous solution of kainite (MgSO 4・KCl ・3H 2 O), picromerite (MgSO 4・K 2 SO 4・6H 2 O), or kieserite (MgSO 4・H 2 O), and is separated by evaporation and concentration. To purify, it is recrystallized from water. Colorless crystals. There are two types of crystals, the low-temperature orthorhombic type, which transforms to the high-temperature hexagonal type at 587°C. It dissolves in water but not in alcohol, acetone, or carbon disulfide. It is used as a raw material for the manufacture of potassium compounds such as potassium alum and potassium bromide, as well as in the glass industry and in pharmaceuticals, and is also important as a potassium fertilizer. It is almost odorless and can be mixed with various fertilizers. It is a fast-acting fertilizer and can be used as a base fertilizer along with ammonium sulfate and superphosphate. [Torii Yasuo] [Reference item] | [Supplementary information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
硫酸のカリウム塩。硫酸カリともいう。天然にはアルカナイトとして産出する。工業的には、カイナイトMgSO4・KCl・3H2O、ピクロメライトMgSO4・K2SO4・6H2O、キーゼライトMgSO4・H2Oなどの水溶液に塩化カリウムを加え、蒸発濃縮によって分離する方法で製造される。精製するには水から再結晶する。無色の結晶。結晶には二つの変態があり、斜方晶系は低温型で、587℃で六方晶系の高温型に転移する。水には溶けるがアルコール、アセトン、二硫化炭素などには溶けない。カリウムミョウバンや臭化カリウムなどカリウム化合物の製造原料となるほか、ガラス工業の原料、医薬品などの用途があるが、カリ肥料としても重要なものである。ほとんど無臭で、各種の肥料と配合することができる。肥効は速効性で、硫安、過リン酸などとともに基肥となる。 [鳥居泰男] [参照項目] | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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