Co-engineering - Kyoko

Japanese: 共工 - きょうこう
Co-engineering - Kyoko

A god that appears in ancient Chinese mythology. When Gonggong was fighting fiercely with Zhuanxu for the throne, he got carried away and crashed into Buzhou Mountain. However, Buzhou Mountain was a pillar that supported the heavens and a rope that connected the earth, so after Gonggong crashed into it, the heavens tilted to the northwest and the earth tilted to the southeast. The sun, moon, and stars all moved in a northwesterly direction, and all the rivers that flowed through the land of China began to flow in a southeasterly direction. This is a myth that explains the origin of China's topography. However, according to another record, Gonggong caused great floods, tormenting the people and causing harm to the world. For this reason, Gonggong, along with Jiao Dong, San Miao, and Gun, was considered one of the Four Evil Spirits, or four evil spirits, and it is said that he was banished to the four borders by Emperor Shun. Gonggong is often depicted in the form of a snake, and his son Hou Tu's character has something in common with Gun's son Yu, showing many similarities with Gun and his deep connection with water. It is said that Gonggong was originally a deity connected to water, worshipped in China since ancient times.

[Tota Kirimoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国の古代神話に登場する神。共工は帝(てい)の位をめぐって顓頊(せんぎょく)と激しく争ったとき、勢いあまって不周山に激突した。ところが不周山は天を支える柱であり、また地をつなぐ綱であったので、共工がぶち当たって以後、天は西北に、地は東南に傾いてしまった。そして太陽、月、星はことごとく西北方向に移動し、中国の大地を貫流する諸河川はすべて東南の方へ流れるようになったという。これは中国の地形の由来を説く説明神話となっている。しかし別の記録によれば、共工は大洪水を引き起こして人民を苦しめ、天下に害悪を及ぼしたとされている。このため共工は驩兜(かんとう)、三苗(さんびょう)、鯀(こん)とともに四凶、つまり4柱の邪悪な神霊とされ、舜(しゅん)帝によって四方の辺境に放逐されたとも伝えられている。また共工はしばしば蛇形をとって表現されるほか、子の后土(こうど)の性格が鯀の子である禹(う)と共通点があるなど、鯀との類似性が多く、水と縁故が深い。元来、中国で古くから信仰された水に関係のある神格であったのではないか、といわれている。

[桐本東太]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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