Rivers, William Halse Rivers

Japanese: リバーズ(英語表記)Rivers, William Halse Rivers
Rivers, William Halse Rivers
Born: March 12, 1864, Luton
[Died] June 4, 1922. British physician, psychologist, physiologist, and anthropologist from Cambridge. He studied medicine at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London, and conducted research on perception and the effects of drugs. In 1897, he became director of the British Institute of Experimental Psychology. In 1898, he participated in the Cambridge University Torres Strait Expedition, and from 1901 to 1902, he conducted field research on the Toda people of southern India. He subsequently visited Melanesia several times, mainly studying kinship organization. In 1908, he became a member of the Academy of Sciences. During World War I, he served as a neurologist in the army, and thereafter devoted himself to research in medical psychology. His main work is Kinship and Social Organization (1914).

Rivers
Rivers, Thomas Milton

Born: September 3, 1888 in Jonesboro, Georgia
Died May 12, 1962, New York. American virologist. Key figure in the development of the polio vaccine. Graduated from Johns Hopkins University in 1915, he joined the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in 1922 and served as director of its associated hospitals until his retirement in 1955. He continued to study viral infectious diseases such as influenza and chickenpox, and in 1938 was recommended as chairman of the Virus Research Committee of the National Foundation for Polio. He organized the March of Dimes (a dime donation campaign to conquer polio), garnering support from all Americans and contributing to the development of both the Salk and Sabin vaccines to prevent polio.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1864.3.12. ルートン
[没]1922.6.4. ケンブリッジ
イギリスの医者,心理・生理学者,人類学者。ロンドンのセントバーソロミュー病院で医学を修め,知覚の研究や薬物の影響などを研究,1897年イギリス実験心理学研究所所長。 98年ケンブリッジ大学のトレス海峡探検隊に参加,1901~02年南インドのトダ族の実地調査を行なった。その後も数回メラネシアを訪れて,おもに親族組織を研究。 08年学士院会員。第1次世界大戦中は陸軍の神経科医をつとめ,その後は医学的心理学の研究に専念した。主著『親族と社会組織』 Kinship and Social Organization (1914) 。

リバーズ
Rivers, Thomas Milton

[生]1888.9.3. ジョージア,ジョンズバラ
[没]1962.5.12. ニューヨーク
アメリカのウイルス学者。小児麻痺予防ワクチン開発の中心的人物。 1915年ジョンズ・ホプキンズ大学卒業,22年ロックフェラー医学研究所に入り,55年引退するまでその関連病院の理事をつとめた。インフルエンザ,水痘などのウイルス性伝染病を研究し続け,38年全アメリカ小児麻痺基金のウイルス研究委員会委員長に推され,マーチ・オブ・ダイムズ (小児麻痺征服のための 10セント銀貨寄付運動) を組織,全アメリカ国民の支持を集め,小児麻痺予防のためのソーク,セービンの両ワクチンの開発に寄与した。

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