Lambert, John

Japanese: ランバート（英語表記）Lambert， John

Born 1619, Carton, Yorkshire
[Died] March 1684, St. Nicholas Island. A soldier during the Puritan Revolution in England, and a central figure in the Protectorate government. After the outbreak of the Puritan Revolution, he joined the Parliamentary army under the command of T. Fairfax, who was his relative by marriage, and was promoted for his military achievements, becoming a member of the military executive. In the Second Civil War in 1648, he was appointed commander of the Northern Army, and worked with O. Cromwell to defeat the Scottish Royalist army at the Battle of Preston. In 1650, he became deputy commander of the Scottish Expeditionary Force, and played an active role in the Battle of Worcester. In 1652, he succeeded H. Ireton as commander of the Irish Expeditionary Force. The following year, he supported the dissolution of the Rump Parliament, and drafted the Constitution of Government. In the Protectorate government that was established based on this, he played an active role as the second most powerful man after Cromwell, but in 1657, he was dismissed for opposing the offer of the throne to Cromwell and the new constitution. He returned to power after Cromwell's death, and dissolved the Rump Parliament that was reinstated in 1659, but was defeated in the conflict with G. Monck. After the Restoration in 1862, he was sentenced to death, but his sentence was commuted and he spent the next 20 years in prison on St Nicholas Island off the coast of Plymouth.

Lambert
Rambert, Dame Marie

Born: February 20, 1888 in Warsaw
[Died] June 12, 1982, London. British dancer born in Poland. Real name Cyvia Rambam. Studied under J. Dalcroze and E. Cecchetti in Paris, and was invited by S. Diaghilev to teach eurhythmics, which led to her joining the corps de ballet of the Ballets Russes. It is said that V. Nijinsky's "Afternoon of a Faun" and "The Rite of Spring" were created with her help. In 1920, she established a ballet school in London. She also ran the Camargo Society, and in 1930, organized the Rambert Ballet Company, contributing to the development of the British ballet world. Although she was not a choreographer, she excelled in discovering and educating talented choreographers, nurturing choreographers such as F. Ashton, A. Tudor, and A. Howard.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1619. ヨークシャー，カートン
[没]1684.3. セントニコラス島
イギリス，清教徒革命期の軍人，護国卿政権の中心人物。清教徒革命勃発後，姻戚にあたる T.フェアファックス指揮下の議会軍に参加，戦功により昇進し，軍幹部の一員となった。 1648年の第2次内乱には北部軍司令官に任じられ，O.クロムウェルと協力してプレストンの戦いに国王派のスコットランド軍を破った。 50年スコットランド派遣軍副司令官となり，ウースターの戦いに活躍。 52年 H.アイアトンの後任としてアイルランド派遣軍司令官。翌年ランプ議会の解散を支持し，統治章典を起草。これに基づいて成立した護国卿政権においてはクロムウェルに次ぐ実力者として活躍したが，57年クロムウェルへの王位提供と新憲法に反対して解任された。クロムウェルの死後復帰し，59年復活したランプ議会を解散させたが，G.マンクとの抗争に敗北。王政復古後の 62年死刑の判決を受けたが，減刑，プリマス沖合いセントニコラス島に 20年余獄中生活をおくった。

ランバート
Rambert， Dame Marie

[生]1888.2.20. ワルシャワ
[没]1982.6.12. ロンドン
ポーランド生れのイギリスの舞踊家。本名 Cyvia Rambam。パリで J.ダルクローズ，E.チェケッティに学び，S.ディアギレフに招かれてリトミックを教えたのが縁で，バレエ・リュスのコール・ド・バレエに入った。 V.ニジンスキーの『牧神の午後』『春の祭典』は彼女の手助けによってできたといわれる。 1920年ロンドンにバレエ学校を設立。またカマルゴ協会を運営し，30年ランバート・バレエ団を組織，イギリスのバレエ界の発展に寄与した。振付師ではなかったが人材の発掘と教育にすぐれ，F.アシュトン，A.チューダー，A.ハワードらの振付師を育てた。

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