One of the major tribes of ancient Italy. They lived in the central Apennine Mountains. Bronze tablets excavated at Gubbio reveal their language and religion. Their society retained a tribal structure into the 1st century BC, and large landholdings were not based on pure slavery but on vassals under an archaic class order. The Umbrian ruling class, fearing that the granting of Roman citizenship to all residents would destroy the existing system, did not agree with the demands of the allied cities for citizenship (91 BC), and even thereafter showed a tendency to rally around the Roman oligarchy (optimates). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
古代のイタリア人の主要部族の一つ。アペニノ山脈中部に住んだ。グッビオ出土の青銅板が彼らの言語・宗教を伝える。その社会は前1世紀にも部族組織を残し,大土地所有もここでは純粋な奴隷制ではなく,アルカイックな身分秩序下の隷属民を基礎として展開した。全住民へのローマ市民権一律付与による既存体制崩壊を危惧したウンブリア支配層は,同盟諸市の市民権要求に同調せず(前91),その後もローマ寡頭派(オプティマテス)に結集する傾向を示した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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