Fukuhara

The name of a place in Settsu Province. Currently Hyogo Ward, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture. In the late Heian period, Taira no Kiyomori owned this place as Fukuhara Manor and built a villa here. It appears that Kiyomori placed great importance on this place, as it borders Owada no Tomari and is a key point for maritime traffic. In 1168 (Jin'an 3), after becoming a monk, he retired here. He worked to repair Owada no Tomari, and two years later succeeded in allowing Song ships to enter Fukuhara for the first time. In November 1179 (Jisho 3), when the conflict with Emperor Goshirakawa became serious, he suddenly went to Kyoto and staged a coup d'état, and in June of the following year, with the young Emperor Antoku as his support, he moved the capital from Kyoto, the old base of his power, to Fukuhara. However, before the construction of the new capital had made much progress, the Genji clan from various provinces raised arms in August, and in November the capital was moved back to Kyoto as the civil war intensified. In 1183 (Juei 2), when the Taira clan fled the capital, Taira Munemori burned down the area and headed west.

[Yukiko Iida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

摂津(せっつ)国の地名。現在の兵庫県神戸市兵庫区。平安末期、福原荘(しょう)として平清盛(きよもり)が領有、ここに別荘を営んだ。大輪田泊(おおわだのとまり)に接する地として海上交通の要衝にあたるところから、清盛はこの地を重視したものらしい。1168年（仁安3）出家後ここに引退。大輪田泊の修築に努め、2年後には初めて宋(そう)船を福原まで入航させることに成功。後白河(ごしらかわ)院との間の対立が深刻化した1179年（治承3）11月突如上洛(じょうらく)してクーデターを敢行、翌年6月安徳(あんとく)幼帝を擁して、旧勢力の地盤たる京より福原に遷都する。しかし新都造営の進まぬまま、8月には諸国源氏の挙兵があり、内乱の深化するなかで11月ふたたび京へ都を還(かえ)した。1183年（寿永2）平家都落ちに際し、平宗盛(むねもり)は当地を焼き払って西へ向かった。

［飯田悠紀子］

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