Small hard particles found on the surface of an animal's body are generally called scales, and are also called "kokera." Zoologically defined, they are small pieces of calcium phosphate or keratin that form on the skin of vertebrates. Scales not only protect the body and guard against dryness, but can also function as sensory organs. As can be seen from the fact that "uroko" is used as a synonym for fish, fish scales are the most familiar to Japanese people. Most of the scales found in modern bony fish are small bony plates that form in the dermis, called bony scales, but primitive bony fish and cartilaginous fish have scales that are of slightly different origin and shape. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
動物の体表に存在する硬い小片を一般にうろこといい,〈こけら〉ともよばれる。動物学的に定義すれば,脊椎動物の皮膚に生じたリン酸石灰質あるいは角質(ケラチン質)の小片である。うろこは体の保護,乾燥に対する防御だけでなく,感覚器としての機能をもつ場合もある。〈うろこ〉が魚の代名詞として使われたことからもわかるように,日本人にとって最もなじみ深いのは魚類のうろこである。現生の硬骨魚類にみられるうろこのほとんどは,骨鱗と呼ばれる真皮中に生じた骨質の小板であるが,原始的な硬骨魚類や軟骨魚類は由来や形態のやや異なるうろこをもっている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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