Yogacara theory - Yuishikisetsu

Japanese: 唯識説 - ゆいしきせつ

The theory asserted by the Yogacara school of Indian Buddhism, the Selon school of Chinese Buddhism, and the Hosso school, that all things are nothing but consciousness (pure mental activity). According to the Yogacara theory of the dependent origination school, all existence is formed and arises from the transformation of the fundamental consciousness, Alaya-vijnana. Based on Alaya-vijnana, the manas consciousness, which performs the function of thinking, and the six consciousnesses of the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and body are generated, and Alaya-vijnana creates the physical environment, manas creates self-consciousness, and the other five consciousnesses perform sensory functions, and everything is recognized. In India, it was systematically explained by scholars such as Maitreya, Aṇitā, and Vasubandhu, and formed an influential school along with the Madhyamaka school. In China, Xuanzang introduced this theory, and his disciple Qiqi perfected it. It was introduced to Japan as the Hosso sect, and is still studied today at Yakushi-ji Temple, Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara, and Kiyomizu-dera Temple in Kyoto.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

インド仏教の瑜伽 (ゆが) 行派，中国仏教の摂論宗，法相宗などが主張する，万有は識 (純粋な精神作用) にほかならぬとする説。縁起門の唯識説によれば，すべての存在は，根本の識である阿頼耶識の転変により構成されて生じるとされる。阿頼耶識をよりどころとして思量の働きをなす末那識と，眼，耳，鼻，舌，身の6識を生じ，阿頼耶識によって身体環境が，末那識によって自我意識が形成され，他の5識によって感覚作用がなされて，一切が認識されるという。インドでは弥勒，無着，世親などの学匠によって組織的に説明され，中観派とともに有力な学派を形成した。中国では玄奘がこの説を伝え，弟子の窺基が大成した。日本には法相宗として伝わり，現在でも奈良の薬師寺，興福寺，京都の清水寺で研学されている。

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